I-Diacetone Acrylamide (DAAM)

Umfanekiso obonisiweyo weDiacetone Acrylamide (DAAM)

Inkcazo emfutshane:

Umenzi kunye nomthengisi weDiacetone Acrylamide (DAAM)

I-Diacetone acrylamide(DAAM) yikhemikhali ekwiklasi yee-acrylamide derivatives. Ihlala isetyenziswa kwi-polymer chemistry kwaye ingasebenza njenge-monomer ekuvelisweni kwee-polymers ezahlukeneyo, ngakumbi ezo zisetyenziswa kwiingubo, kwii-adhesives, nakwii-composites. Ulwakhiwo lweekhemikhali lwe-DAAM luquka iqela le-acrylamide (iqela le-vinyl eliqhotyoshelwe kwiqela le-carbonyl) kunye nenxalenye ye-acetone.

Iimpawu ze-DAAM zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwi-polymerization yayo. Ngokwesiqhelo, i-DAAM isetyenziswa ekuhlanganiseni ii-polymers ezineempawu ezinqwenelekayo ezifana nokunamathela okuphuculweyo, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokumelana nezinto ezingqongileyo ezifana nobushushu kunye nokufuma.

Enye into ebalulekileyo ye-DAAM kukuba iyakwazi ukwenza i-free radical polymerization, apho isabela khona nezinye ii-monomers (okanye yona ngokwayo) ukuze yenze ii-polymers. Ezi polymers zingasetyenziswa kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza kwimizi-mveliso, kuquka njenge-thickeners, i-crosslinkers, okanye ekuphuhlisweni kwee-resins ezikhethekileyo.

Thumela i-imeyile kuthi Khuphela njengePDF

Iinkcukacha zeMveliso

Iithegi zeMveliso

I-Diacetone AcrylamideUmthengisi kunye nomzi-mveliso (DAAM)

I-Diacetone acrylamide(DAAM) yikhompawundi yendalo eguquguqukayo esetyenziswa kakhulu kwisayensi yepolymer, iteknoloji yokugquma, kunye nesayensi yezinto eziphathekayo. Yimonomer yokwenziwa efumene ingqwalasela enkulu ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezikhethekileyo zeekhemikhali, ezifana nokusebenza okuphezulu, ukukwazi ukwenza izakhiwo zepolymer ezahlukeneyo, kunye nomthamo wezicelo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza. I-DAAM idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni iimpawu zepolymers, zokugquma, zokuncamathelisa, kunye nee-composites.

1. Ulwakhiwo lweekhemikhali kunye neePropathi zeDiacetone Acrylamide

I-Diacetone acrylamide yi-acrylamide derivative, apho iqela le-acrylamide lithathelwa indawo yi-acetone moiety kwindawo ye-nitrogen. Ifomyula yekhemikhali ye-DAAM yiC₆H₁₁HAY₂, kwaye ubunzima bayo beemolekyuli bumalunga129.17 g/mol.

Ulwakhiwo lwe-DAAM luquka:

An iqela le-acrylamide(CH₂=CH-C(=O)-NH-), elilicandelo eliphambili elisabelayo lemolekyuli.
A iqela le-diacetone(C₄H₇O₂), enamathele kwi-nitrogen ye-acrylamide.

Inombolo ye-CAS: 2873-97-4
I-TSCA: 2873-97-4
I-EINECS :220-713-2
I-ENCS :2-1024

Iimbonakalo

I-Diacetone acrylamide ipholimitha ngokulula kwaye yenze ii-copolymers ezineentlobo ngeentlobo zee-comonomers
I-Diacetone acrylamide isabela kunye neqela le-ketone le-adipic acid dihydrazide kubushushu obuqhelekileyo.

Ubukho beiqela elisebenzayo le-acrylamideivumela i-DAAM ukuba i-polymerize ngendlela efana nezinyeii-monomers ezisekelwe kwi-acrylamide, ngelixaisakhiwo se-diacetoneInika umqobo oqinileyo ochaphazela ukusebenza kwayo kunye neempawu zomzimba. Iqela le-acetone lenza ukuba i-compound inyibilike ngakumbi kwi-organic solvents.

2. Ukwenziwa kweDiacetone Acrylamide

Ukwenziwa kwe-DAAM kubandakanya inkqubo enamanyathelo amabini:

Ukunyuka kwe-acrylamide: Eli nyathelo lokuqala libandakanya ukusabela i-acrylamide ne-acetone xa kukho i-asidi okanye i-base catalyst. I-acetone isabela kunye ne-atom ye-nitrogen ye-acrylamide ukuze yenze i-diacetone derivative.
Ukuhlanjululwa: Nje ukuba impendulo igqityiwe, imveliso ihlanjululwe ngokusebenzisa iindlela zokunyibilikisa okanye zokucoca ukuze kwahlulweI-DAAM monomerkwimo yayo ecocekileyo.

Impendulo ingachazwa ngolu hlobo:

I-Acrylamide (CH₂=CH-C(=O)-NH₂)Iphendula nge-acetone (CH₃COCH₃) ukuze yenze i-diacetone acrylamide (CH₂=CH-C(=O)-NH-CH₂COCH₃).

Ukwenziwa kwe-DAAM kulula kakhulu, kodwa ulawulo oluchanekileyo lweemeko zokusabela (umz., ubushushu, ixesha lokusabela, ukhetho lwe-solvent) luyafuneka ukuze kufezekiswe isivuno esiphezulu kunye nobunyulu.

3. Ukwenziwa kwe-Diacetone Acrylamide ibe yi-polymer

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwi-DAAM kukukwazi kwayo ukudlulaupolimeri wasimahlaIqela le-acrylamide kwi-DAAM linokuthatha inxaxheba kwiimpendulo ze-polymerization ezongezelelweyo, okuvumela i-DAAM ukuba idibane nezinye ii-monomers okanye yona ngokwayo ukuba yenze imixokelelwane emide ye-polymer. Oku kwenza i-DAAM ibe yi-monomer eluncedo ekuveliseni ii-polymers ezineempawu ezahlukeneyo.

Ukwenziwa kwe-polymerization ye-DAAM kunokuqhubeka ngokuthi:

I-Homopolymerization: I-DAAM monomer isabela nezinye ii-DAAM monomers, zenze i-polymer equlathe iiyunithi ze-DAAM ngokupheleleyo.
IiCopolymers: I-DAAM inokwenziwa i-copolymer kunye nezinye ii-acrylate, i-methacrylate, okanye ii-monomers ezisekwe kwi-vinyl ukwenza ii-copolymers ezineempawu ezilungiselelwe wena. Oku kuvumela ukufakwa kwamaqela athile asebenzayo anika iimpawu ezikhethekileyo kwi-polymer.

Iziqalisi ze-free radical (umz.,I-AIBN, I-BPO) okanye ukukhanya kwe-UV zihlala zisetyenziswa ukuqalisa inkqubo yokwenza i-polymerization.Iipolymers ezisekelwe kwi-DAAMZinokuba neepropati ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba le-polymerization, ubukho bee-agents ezidibanisayo, kunye nohlobo lwee-co-monomers ezisetyenzisiweyo.

Iipropati

Inkangeleko	Umgubo we-flake omhlophe ukuya kotyheli kancinci
Ifomula	C₉H₁₅NO₂
Ubunzima beMol.	169.23
Umxhuzulane othile (60°C)	0.998
Indawo yokunyibilika	56°C
Indawo yokubila	120°C (8 mm Hg)
Ukunyibilika emanzini kwizinyibilikisi zendalo	>100g/100g H₂O Ingadibani
I-Tg (i-homo-polymer)	77°C (DSC)
Ukuxinana (60°C)	17.9 m IiPa·s

I-Copolymerization

M1	M2	r1	r2	Q1	e1	Q2	e2
I-Styrene	I-Diacetone i-acrylamide	1.77 ±0.08	0.49 ±0.06	1.00	-0.80	0.42	-0.42
I-Methyl i-methacrylate	I-Diacetone i-acrylamide	1.68 ±0.06	0.57 ±0.03	0.74	0.04	0.41	-0.02

4. Ukusetyenziswa kweDiacetone Acrylamide

4.1. Iingubo kunye neepeyinti

I-DAAM isetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeniiingubo kunye neepeyintingenxa yokukwazi kwayo ukwenza iipolymers ezinamathelayo kakhulu, eziguquguqukayo, kunye nokumelana nezinto ezingqongileyo. Iifilimu zepolymer eziphumayo zibonisa ukusebenza okuphuculweyo xa kuthelekiswa neengubo zemveli ze-acrylic okanye ze-polyester.

Ezinye izicelo ezithile ziquka:

Iingubo zokukhuselaIipolymers ezisekelwe kwi-DAAM zibonelela ngokumelana okuhle kakhulu nobushushu, ukufuma, kunye nokukrweleka, nto leyo ezenza zibe zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwiingubo zeemoto, zemizi-mveliso, kunye nezolwandle.
Izincamathelisi: Ukwenziwa kwe-polymerization ye-DAAM kunokukhokelela kwiiglu ezinamathelayo ezenza iibhondi eziqinileyo ezinoluhlu olubanzi lweendawo, kubandakanya iisinyithi, iiplastiki kunye neglasi.
Iingubo ezichasene nokubolaIifilimu eziguquguqukayo nezihlala ixesha elide ezenziwe ngeepolymers ezisekwe kwi-DAAM zisetyenziswa kumashishini afuna upende olusebenza kakuhle oluchasene nokubola.

4.2. IiPolymers ezifunxa kakhulu

I-DAAM isetyenziswa kuphuhliso lweiipolymers ezifunxa kakhulu(Amapolisa), ezizizinto ezikwaziyo ukufunxa amanzi amaninzi okanye ezinye izinto ezilulwelo. Ezi zinto zihlala zisetyenziswa kwizicelo ezifana nezi:

Iimveliso zococekoIiSAP ezisekelwe kwi-DAAM zifumaneka kwiimveliso ezifana neenapukeni, iinapkin zokuhlamba, kunye neemveliso zokungakwazi ukuzibamba kwabantu abadala.
Izicelo zezolimo: Iipolymers ezifunxa kakhulu ezenziwe nge-DAAM zingasetyenziswa kwizicelo zezolimo ukuphucula ukugcinwa kwamanzi emhlabeni.

4.3. Izicelo zezonyango neze-biomedical

Ngenxa yokuhambelana kwayo nezinto eziphilayo kunye nokuguquguquka kwayo, i-DAAM ikwaphononongwa kwiamasimi ezonyango kunye ne-biomedical. Njengokuba:

Iinkqubo zokuhambisa amayezaIipolymers ezisekelwe kwi-DAAM zinokwakhiwa ukuze zihambise amayeza ngendlela elawulwayo, zinike ukukhululwa ixesha elide okanye zijolise kwiithishu ezithile.
Ubunjineli bezicubu: Iipropati eziguquguqukayo nezihambelanayo ne-biochemical ze-polymers ezisekwe kwi-DAAM zenza zifaneleke ukusetyenziswa kwi-scaffolds zobunjineli bezicubu, ukubotshwa kwamanxeba, kunye nezinye izixhobo zonyango.

4.4. Ukwenziwa kweHydrogel

IiHydrogels ezenziwe ngeDAAM zisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngenxa yeempawu zazo zokugcina amanzi ezininzi. Ezi hydrogels zingasetyenziswa kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

Ukhathalelo lwenxebaIiHydrogel zibonelela ngendawo efumileyo yokuphiliswa kwamanxeba, zinciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo kwaye zikhawulezise inkqubo yokuphiliswa.
Iifomyula zobuhleIiHydrogel ezenziwe ngeDAAM zisetyenziswa kwiimveliso zokhathalelo lolusu, kuquka izithambisi-mafutha kunye neekhrimu ezilwa nokwaluphala, ngenxa yokuba zikwazi kakuhle ukufumisa ulusu.

4.5. Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezincinci kunye nezinto ezidityanisiweyo

I-DAAM ikwasetyenziswa ekulungiseleleniii-nanocompositeskwaye iqhubele phambiliizixhobo ezisekwe kwi-polymerUmzekelo, i-DAAM inokwenziwa i-polymer ngee-nanoparticles ukwenza izinto ezixutyiweyo ezineempawu eziphuculweyo zoomatshini, zombane, okanye zobushushu. Ezi zinto zingasetyenziswa kumashishini ahlukeneyo, kuquka:

Izixhobo zombane: Ii-nanocomposites ze-polymer ezenziwe nge-DAAM zingasetyenziswa kwi-electronics eziguquguqukayo kunye nezinto eziqhuba umbane.
Inqwelo-moya: Ii-composites ezisekelwe kwi-DAAM zisetyenziselwa iipropati zazo ezilula nezinamandla aphezulu kwizicelo zeenqwelo-moya.

4.6. Usetyenziso lokuPrinta kunye neLaphu

Kwishishini lempahla, i-DAAM isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa amalaphu anokuqina okuphuculweyo kunye nokuguquguquka. Umzekelo,iingubo ezisebenzayoI-DAAM ingafakwa kwilaphu ukuze ikwazi ukumelana namanzi, amabala kunye nemitha ye-UV. Ngokufanayo, iDAAM ingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisaii-inki zokuprinta, apho ukukwazi kwayo ukwenza iifilimu ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunceda ekufezekiseni ukucaca okungcono kokushicilelwa kunye nokuqina.