Diacetone Acrylamide (DAAM)

Sharaxaad Gaaban:

Soo-saaraha iyo Alaab-qeybiyaha Diacetone Acrylamide (DAAM)

Diacetone acrylamide(DAAM) waa isku-dhis kiimiko ah oo ka tirsan fasalka acrylamide derivatives. Badanaa waxaa loo isticmaalaa kiimikada polymer-ka waxayna u dhaqmi kartaa sidii monomer soo saarista polymers kala duwan, gaar ahaan kuwa loo isticmaalo dahaarka, dhejiska, iyo isku-darka. Qaab-dhismeedka kiimikada ee DAAM wuxuu ka kooban yahay koox acrylamide ah (koox vinyl ah oo ku xiran koox carbonyl ah) iyo qayb acetone ah.

Sifooyinka DAAM way kala duwanaan karaan iyadoo ku xiran polymerization-keeda. Caadiyan, DAAM waxaa loo isticmaalaa isku-darka polymer-yada leh astaamo la jecel yahay sida hagaajinta isku-dhejinta, dabacsanaanta, iyo iska caabbinta arrimaha deegaanka sida kulaylka iyo qoyaanka.

Mid ka mid ah dhinacyada muhiimka ah ee DAAM waa awooddeeda inay marto polymerization xagjir ah oo xor ah, halkaas oo ay la falgasho monomers kale (ama lafteeda) si ay u sameeyaan polymers. Polymers-kan waxaa loo isticmaali karaa codsiyo kala duwan oo warshadeed, oo ay ku jiraan dhumuc-saareyaal, isku-xidhayaal, ama horumarinta resins gaar ah.

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Faahfaahinta Badeecada

Calaamadaha Alaabta

Diacetone Acrylamide(DAAM) Alaab-qeybiye & Warshad

Diacetone acrylamide(DAAM) waa iskudhis dabiici ah oo si weyn loogu isticmaalo sayniska polymer-ka, tignoolajiyada dahaarka, iyo cilmiga agabka. Waa monomer macmal ah oo helay dareen weyn sababtoo ah sifooyinka kiimikada ee gaarka ah, sida falcelinta sare, awoodda lagu sameeyo qaab-dhismeedka polymer-ka ee kala duwan, iyo awoodda codsiyada kala duwan ee shaqada. DAAM waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaartaa kor u qaadida sifooyinka polymer-ka, dahaarka, dhejisyada, iyo isku-darka.

1. Qaab-dhismeedka Kiimikada iyo Sifooyinka Diacetone Acrylamide

Diacetone acrylamide waa nooc ka soo jeeda acrylamide, halkaas oo kooxda acrylamide lagu beddelo qayb acetone ah oo ku taal booska nitrogen. Qaacidada kiimikada ee DAAM waaC₆H₁₁NO₂, miisaankeeduna waa qiyaastii129.17 g/mol.

Qaab-dhismeedka DAAM wuxuu ka kooban yahay:

An kooxda acrylamide(CH₂=CH-C(=O)-NH-), kaas oo ah qaybta ugu muhiimsan ee falgalka ah ee molecule-ka.
A kooxda diacetone(C₄H₇O₂), kaas oo ku xiran nitrogen-ka acrylamide-ka.

Lambarka CAS: 2873-97-4
TSCA :2873-97-4
EINECS : 220-713-2
ENCS: 2-1024

Astaamaha

Diacetone acrylamide si fudud ayuu u polymerizes oo u sameeyaa copolymers noocyo badan oo isku-dhafan.
Diacetone acrylamide waxay la falgashaa kooxda ketone ee dihydrazide adipic acid heerkulka caadiga ah.

JoogitaankaKooxda shaqeynta ee acrylamidewaxay u oggolaanaysaa DAAM inay polymer ku sameyso si la mid ah kuwa kalemonomers-ka ku salaysan acrylamide, halkaqaab-dhismeedka diacetonewaxay bixisaa caqabad steric ah oo saameysa fal-galkeeda iyo sifooyinkeeda jireed. Kooxda acetone-ka ayaa sidoo kale ka dhigaysa isku-darka mid aad ugu milma dareeraha dabiiciga ah.

2. Isku-darka Diacetone Acrylamide

Samaynta DAAM waxay ku lug leedahay laba geeddi-socod:

Kordhinta acrylamide: Tallaabadan ugu horreysa waxay ku lug leedahay falgalka acrylamide iyadoo la adeegsanayo aashito ama kiciyaha saldhigga ah. Acetone-ku wuxuu la falgalaa atamka nitrogen ee acrylamide si uu u sameeyo derivative diacetone.
NadiifintaMarka falgalku dhammaado, badeecada waxaa badanaa lagu nadiifiyaa farsamooyinka kala-soocidda ama kala-soocidda si loo kala saaroDAAM monomerqaabkeeda saafiga ah.

Falcelinta waxaa lagu tilmaami karaa sidan:

Acrylamide (CH₂=CH-C(=O)-NH₂)Waxay la falgashaa acetone (CH₃COCH₃) si ay u sameyso diacetone acrylamide (CH₂=CH-C(=O)-NH-CH₂COCH₃).

Samaynta DAAM waa mid toos ah, laakiin xakamaynta saxda ah ee xaaladaha falcelinta (tusaale ahaan, heerkulka, waqtiga falcelinta, doorashada dareeraha) ayaa loo baahan yahay si loo gaaro wax-soo-saar sare iyo daahirnimo.

3. Polymerization-ka Diacetone Acrylamide

Astaamaha ugu muhiimsan ee DAAM waa awooddiisa inuu la qabsado xaaladaha kala duwan.Polymerization xagjirka ah oo xor ahKooxda acrylamide ee DAAM waxay ka qayb qaadan kartaa falcelinta polymerization dheeraad ah, taasoo u oggolaanaysa DAAM inay ku xidho monomers kale ama lafteeda si ay u sameeyaan silsilado polymer dheer. Tani waxay ka dhigaysaa DAAM monomer waxtar leh soo saarista polymers leh sifooyin kala duwan.

Polymerization-ka DAAM wuxuu sii socon karaa iyada oo loo marayo:

Homopolymerization: Monomer-ka DAAM wuxuu la falgalaa monomer-yada kale ee DAAM, isagoo sameeya polymer ka kooban gebi ahaanba cutubyada DAAM.
Copolymers-kaDAAM waxaa sidoo kale lagu koobi karaa monomers kale oo acrylate ah, methacrylate, ama vinyl-ka ku salaysan si loo abuuro copolymers leh sifooyin gaar ah. Tani waxay u oggolaanaysaa ku darista kooxo shaqo oo gaar ah oo bixiya astaamo gaar ah oo polymer-ka ah.

Dadka bilaaba xagjirnimada xorta ah (tusaale ahaan,AIBN, BPO) ama iftiinka UV ayaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu bilaabo habka polymerization-ka.Polymers-ka ku salaysan DAAMwaxay yeelan kartaa sifooyin kala duwan iyadoo ku xiran heerka polymerization-ka, joogitaanka wakiilada isku xidhka, iyo nooca monomers-ka la isticmaalo.

Guryaha

Muuqaalka	Budada jajabka ah ee cad ilaa huruud yar
Qaaciddada	C₉H₁₅NO₂
Miisaanka Mol.	169.23
Cufisjiidadka gaarka ah (60°C)	0.998
Barta dhalaalaysa	56°C
Barta karkarinta	120°C (8 mm Hg)
Milmida biyaha ee dareeraha dabiiciga ah	>100g/100g H₂O Miscible
Tg (homo-polymer)	77°C (DSC)
Viscosity (60°C)	17.9 m Pa·s

Copolymerization

M1	M2	r1	r2	Q1	e1	Q2	e2
Styrene	Diacetone acrylamide	1.77 ±0.08	0.49 ±0.06	1.00	-0.80	0.42	-0.42
Methyl methacrylate	Diacetone acrylamide	1.68 ±0.06	0.57 ±0.03	0.74	0.04	0.41	-0.02

4. Isticmaalka Diacetone Acrylamide

4.1. Dahaarka iyo Rinjiga

DAAM waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa sameynta nidaamyada xakamayntadahaarka iyo rinjiyeyntasababtoo ah awooddeeda ay ku abuuri karto polymers leh dhegdheg xooggan, dabacsanaan, iyo iska caabin arrimaha deegaanka. Filimada polymer-ka ee ka dhasha waxay muujiyaan waxqabad wanaagsan marka la barbar dhigo dahaarka acrylic-ka dhaqameed ama polyester-ka.

Codsiyada gaarka ah qaarkood waxaa ka mid ah:

Dahaarka ilaalinta: Polymers-ka ku salaysan DAAM waxay bixiyaan iska caabin aad u fiican oo ku saabsan kulaylka, qoyaanka, iyo xoqidda, taasoo ka dhigaysa kuwo ku habboon in loo isticmaalo dahaarka baabuurta, warshadaha, iyo badda.
Xabag: Polymerization-ka DAAM wuxuu keeni karaa dhejisyo sameeya isku xidhnaan xooggan oo leh meelo badan oo dusha sare ah, oo ay ku jiraan biraha, balaastikada, iyo galaaska.
Dahaarka ka hortagga daxalkaFilimada dabacsan oo waara ee laga sameeyay polymers-ka ku salaysan DAAM waxaa loo isticmaalaa warshadaha u baahan dahaarka ka hortagga daxalka ee waxqabadka sare leh.

4.2. Polymers-ka aadka u nuuga

DAAM waxaa loo isticmaalaa horumarintapolymers-ka aadka u nuuga(SAPs), kuwaas oo ah walxo awood u leh inay nuugaan xaddi badan oo biyo ah ama dareere kale. Agabkan waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa codsiyada sida:

Alaabada nadaafadda: SAP-yada ku salaysan DAAM waxaa laga helaa alaabada sida xafaayadaha, napkins-ka nadaafadda, iyo alaabada kaadida oo aan la celin karin ee dadka waaweyn.
Codsiyada beeraha: Polymers-ka aadka u nuuga ee laga sameeyay DAAM ayaa loo isticmaali karaa codsiyada beeraha si loo hagaajiyo haynta biyaha ee carrada.

4.3. Codsiyada Caafimaadka iyo Bayoolojiga

Iyada oo ay ugu wacan tahay iswaafajinta noolaha iyo kala duwanaanshaheeda, DAAM sidoo kale waxaa lagu sahamiyay gudahagoobaha caafimaadka iyo kuwa bayoolajigaTusaale ahaan:

Nidaamyada keenista daawada: Polymers-ka ku salaysan DAAM waxaa loo farsameyn karaa inay daawooyinka u gudbiyaan si la xakameeyey, iyagoo sii deynaya waqti dheer ama bartilmaameedsanaya unugyo gaar ah.
Injineernimada unugyada: Sifooyinka dabacsan ee la jaanqaadi kara noolaha ee polymer-yada ku salaysan DAAM waxay ka dhigaan kuwo ku habboon in loo isticmaalo saqafyada injineernimada unugyada, dhaymada nabarrada, iyo aaladaha kale ee caafimaadka.

4.4. Samaynta Haydrogel

Hydrojels-ka laga sameeyay DAAM waxaa loo isticmaalaa codsiyo kala duwan sababtoo ah sifooyinka biyaha ee sare u haya. Hydrojels-kan waxaa loo isticmaali karaa:

Daryeelka nabarka: Hydrogels-ku waxay bixiyaan jawi qoyan oo loogu talagalay bogsashada nabarrada, iyagoo yareynaya khatarta caabuqa isla markaana dedejinaya habka bogsashada.
Qaacidooyinka qurxinta: Hydrogels-ka laga sameeyay DAAM waxaa loo isticmaalaa alaabada daryeelka maqaarka, oo ay ku jiraan qoyaan-sameeyayaasha iyo kareemada ka hortagga gabowga, sababtoo ah awooddooda aadka u wanaagsan ee ay ku qoyaan karaan maqaarka.

4.5. Samaynta walxaha nano iyo kuwa isku-dhafan

DAAM waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa diyaarintananocompositesiyo heer sarewalxaha ku salaysan polymer-kaTusaale ahaan, DAAM waxaa lagu polymereyn karaa nanoparticles si loo sameeyo walxo isku dhafan oo leh sifooyin farsamo, koronto, ama kuleyl oo la xoojiyay. Agabkan waxaa loo isticmaali karaa warshado kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan:

ElektaroonikadaNanocomposites-ka Polymer-ka ee laga sameeyay DAAM waxaa loo isticmaali karaa qalabka elektaroonigga ah ee dabacsan iyo walxaha gudbiya.
Hawada Sare: Isku-darka ku salaysan DAAM waxaa loo isticmaalaa sifooyinkooda fudud iyo kuwa xoogga badan ee codsiyada hawada sare.

4.6. Codsiyada Daabacaadda iyo Dharka

Warshadaha dharka, DAAM waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo saaro dhar leh adkeysi iyo dabacsanaan la xoojiyay. Tusaale ahaan,dahaarka shaqeynayaIyada oo ku saleysan DAAM waxaa lagu dabaqi karaa dharka si looga dhigo kuwo u adkaysta biyaha, wasakhda, iyo shucaaca UV. Sidoo kale, DAAM waxaa loo isticmaali karaa soo saaristakhad daabacan, halkaas oo awooddeeda ay ku samayn karto filimaan tayo sare leh ay ka caawiso helitaanka cadayn daabacaad oo wanaagsan iyo waara.