HPMC (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose)ndiyo yakajairika yakagadziridzwa cellulose inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukuvaka zvinhu, kunyanya mudhaka. Semusanganiswa wepolymer inonyungudika nemvura, HPMC haingogone kuvandudza mashandiro ekuvaka kwedhaka, asi zvakare kuita basa rakakosha mukusapinda kwedhaka.
1. Basic zvimiro zveHPMC uye basa rayo mudhaka
HPMC ine mvura yakanaka solubility uye thickening ehupfumi. Inogona kusanganiswa nemvura kuti igadzire mhinduro ye viscous yekuvandudza kushanda kwedhaka. Iwo makuru mabasa anotambwa neHPMC mudhaka anosanganisira:
Kuvandudza kuchengetwa kwemvura kwedhaka: HPMC ine kuchengetedzwa kwemvura kwakasimba uye inogona kunyatso kudzikamisa kubuda kwemvura, nekudaro ichichengeta dhaka rakanyorova. Izvi zvinobatsira kuvandudza kushanda kwekuvaka kwedhaka, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kushanda panguva yekuvaka, uye inobatsira kune hydration reaction ye simenti.
Kuvandudza kunamatira uye plastiki yedhaka: HPMC inogona kuvandudza kunamatira kwedhaka, kuwedzera kunamatira kwayo kune base layer, uye kudzivirira kudurura kana kupaza panguva yekuvaka. Panguva imwecheteyo, HPMC inogona kuvandudza mapurasitiki ematope, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kugadzirisa chimiro chayo panguva yekuvaka.
Natsiridza kupesana kwekupwanyika: Sezvo HPMC ichigona kuwedzera kusimba kwekubatanidza uye kuoma kwedhaka, inogona kuvandudza kutsemuka kwedhaka kusvika pamwero wakati uye kudzivirira kutsemuka kunokonzerwa nekunze kwemasimba kana shrinkage.
2. Mhedzisiro yeHPMC pakusamira kwedhaka
Kusapinda kwedhaka kunoreva kugona kwayo kuramba kupinda kwemvura pasi pekumanikidzwa kwemvura. Kusamira kwedhaka kunokanganiswa nezvakawanda zvinhu, izvo zvakanyanya kukosha izvo chimiro chepore, density uye hydration degree yesimende. HPMC inovandudza kusamira kwedhaka mune zvinotevera zvinhu:
Kuvandudza microstructure yematope
Kusamira kwedhaka kunoenderana zvakanyanya neiyo microstructure. Pane chimwe chikamu chepores mudhaka, iyo ndiyo nzira huru dzekupinda kwemvura. Kuwedzerwa kweHPMC kunogona kuderedza porosity nekugadzira chimiro chakanaka. Kunyanya, HPMC inogona kudyidzana nezvikamu zvesimende mudhaka resimende, kukurudzira simende hydration process, kuita simende paste kutetereka, kuderedza kuumbwa kwemapores makuru, uye nekudaro kuvandudza density yedhaka. Nekuda kwekuderedzwa kwepores, nzira yekupinda mumvura inova yakareba, nekudaro ichiwedzera kusamira kwedhaka.
Kuvandudza kuchengetwa kwemvura kwedhaka uye kukurudzira simende hydration
Iyo hydration reaction ye simenti inoda mvura yakakwana kuti ienderere mberi, uye kukwana kwe simenti hydration kunobata zvakananga kusimba uye kusamira kwedhaka. HPMC inogona kunyatso kudzikamisa kubuda kwemvura kuburikidza nekuita kwayo kuchengetedza mvura, kuitira kuti dhaka rigone kuchengetedza mvura yakakwana panguva yekuvaka uye kukurudzira kuzara kwesemende. Munguva ye simenti ye hydration process, huwandu hukuru hwezvigadzirwa zve hydration zvichagadzirwa mune simende paste, iyo inozadza ma pores ekutanga, inowedzera kuvandudza density yedhaka, uyezve inovandudza kusamira kwayo.
Wedzera kusimba kwekubatanidza kwedhaka
HPMC inogona kusimudzira kunamatira pakati pedhaka uye chigadziko chepasi nekuvandudza kusimba kwechisungo chedhaka. Izvi zvinogona kudzivirira kubuda kwemvura kunokonzerwa nekuteuka kwedhaka kana kutsemuka. Kunyanya mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakafumurwa, kusimudzira simba rekubatanidza kunogona kuderedza zvinobudirira nzira yekupinda yemvura. Uye zvakare, iyo yakagadziridzwa chisungo cheHPMC inogona zvakare kuita kuti dhaka repamusoro riite mushe, zvichiwedzera kuderedza kupinda kwemvura.
Inhibisa kuumbwa kwekutsemuka
Kuumbwa kwekutsemuka chinhu chakakosha chinokanganisa kusamira kwedhaka. Microcracks mumatope ndiyo nzira huru dzekupinda kwemvura. HPMC inogona kuderedza kuumbwa kwekutsemuka nekuvandudza ductility uye kutsemuka kuramba kwedhaka, uye kudzivirira mvura kupinda mudhaka kuburikidza nekutsemuka. Munguva yekuvaka, HPMC inogona kunyatso kudzikamisa dambudziko rekutsemuka rinokonzerwa nekushanduka kwekushisa kana kusagadzikana kwenzvimbo yepasi, nekudaro ichivandudza kusamira kwedhaka.
3. Kushandiswa kweHPMC mumatope akasiyana
Mhando dzakasiyana dzemateki dzine zvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvekusapinda, uye mashandisirwo eHPMC mumatope aya akasiyana. Semuyenzaniso:
Plaster dhaka: Plaster dhaka rinowanzo shandiswa sechifukidziro chekunze kwechivako, uye kusapinda kwayo kunoda kukwirisa. Kushandiswa kweHPMC mune plaster dhaka kunogona kuvandudza kutsemuka uye kusamira kwedhaka, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine hunyoro hwakanyanya, HPMC inogona kunyatso kudzivirira kupenya kwemvura uye kuchengetedza mukati memadziro echivako akaoma.
Mvura isina mvura: Basa guru revhu risina mvura nderokudzivirira kupinda kwemvura, saka kusapindira kwayo kunodiwa zvakanyanya kuoma. HPMC inogona kunyatso kuvandudza kusimba kwedhaka risina mvura, kuwedzera hydration degree resimende, uye nekudaro kuwedzera kusapinda mvura kwedhaka.
Floor Motar: Floor mortar inogona kuparadzwa nemvura panguva yekushandiswa kwenguva refu, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine hunyoro. HPMC inogona kuwedzera hupenyu hwesevhisi yedhaka repasi nekuvandudza kusamira kwedhaka.
Sekuwedzera, HPMC inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kusamira kwedhaka. Nekuvandudza iyo microstructure yedhaka, kuvandudza kuchengetwa kwayo kwemvura, kuwedzera simba rekubatana, uye kuvandudza kutsemuka kuramba,HPMCinogona kuita kuti dhaka riumbe chimiro chakanyanya compact, kuderedza nzira yekupinda yemvura, uye nekudaro inovandudza kusamira kwedhaka. Mumashandisirwo anoshanda, kuwedzera kweHPMC kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kuita kwekuvaka kwedhaka uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwebasa rezvivakwa. Naizvozvo, HPMC ine tarisiro yakafara yekushandiswa mumashandisirwo akasiyana akadai sekudzivirira mvura, kupurasita uye pasi dhaka.
Nguva yekutumira: Jan-16-2025