Cellulose ethersimhando yeakagadziridzwa cellulose derivatives yakavakirwa pane yakasikwa cellulose, iyo inoumbwa nekuunza akasiyana anoshanda mapoka kuburikidza ne etherification reactions. Semhando yemhando yepolymer zvinhu zvine mashandiro akanaka uye kushandiswa kwakakura, cellulose ethers ine zvakakosha zvekushandisa mukuvaka, mushonga, chikafu, zvizorwa, peturu, kugadzira mapepa, machira uye mamwe minda nekuda kwekunyungudika kwavo kwakanaka, firimu-kugadzira zvivakwa, kunamatira, kukora zvivakwa, kuchengetwa kwemvura uye biocompatibility. Izvi zvinotevera mhedziso yemaitiro ayo, kupatsanurwa, kuita, nzira yekugadzirira uye kushandiswa.
1. Chimiro uye kupatsanura
Cellulose ipolymer yakasikwa ine chimiro chekutanga chinoumbwa neglucose units dzakabatana ne β-1,4-glycosidic bonds uye ine nhamba huru yemapoka ehydroxyl. Aya mapoka e-hydroxyl anowanzoita etherification reactions, uye zvakasiyana-siyana (zvakadai semethyl, hydroxypropyl, carboxymethyl, nezvimwewo) zvinounzwa pasi pemamiriro ealkaline kuti aumbe cellulose ethers.
Zvinoenderana neakasiyana anotsiva, cellulose ethers inogona kukamurwa zvakanyanya muzvikamu zvinotevera:
Anionic cellulose ethers: yakadai se sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukudya, mushonga uye kuchera mafuta.
Nonionic cellulose ethers: yakadai semethyl cellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), nezvimwewo, inonyanya kushandiswa mukuvaka, mushonga, makemikari ezuva nezuva uye mamwe maindasitiri.
Cationic cellulose ethers: yakadai se trimethyl ammonium chloride cellulose, inoshandiswa mukugadzira mapepa ekuwedzera uye kurapwa kwemvura nemimwe minda.
2. Maitiro ekuita
Nekuda kwezvakasiyana zvinotsiva, cellulose ethers inoratidza yavo yakasarudzika zvivakwa, asi kazhinji ine zvinotevera zvakanakira:
Kunyungudika kwakanaka: Mazhinji cellulose ether anogona kunyungudutswa mumvura kana organic zvinonyungudutsa kuita macolloid akagadzikana kana mhinduro.
Yakanakisa kukora uye kuchengetedza mvura: inogona zvakanyanya kuwedzera viscosity yemhinduro, kudzivirira kuvhuvhuta kwemvura, uye inogona kuwedzera kuchengetwa kwemvura mumidziyo yakadai sedhaka rekuvaka.
Firimu-yekugadzira pfuma: inogona kugadzira firimu rakajeka uye rakaomarara, rakakodzera kupfekedza zvinodhaka, kupfekedza, nezvimwe.
Emulsification uye kupararira: kudzikamisa chikamu chakapararira mu emulsion system uye kuvandudza kugadzikana kwe emulsion.
Biocompatibility uye isiri-chepfu: yakakodzera kuminda yemishonga uye chikafu.
3. Kugadzirira nzira
Kugadzirira kwe cellulose ether kazhinji kunotora matanho anotevera:
Cellulose activation: react natural cellulose ine sodium hydroxide kugadzira alkali cellulose.
Etherification reaction: pasi pemaitiro chaiwo ekuita, alkali cellulose uye etherifying agent (yakadai sesodium chloroacetate, methyl chloride, propylene oxide, nezvimwewo) inoiswa etherified kusuma zvinotsiva zvakasiyana.
Neutralization uye kugeza: gadzirisa izvo-zvigadzirwa zvinogadzirwa nekuita uye geza kubvisa tsvina.
Kuomesa nekupwanya: pakupedzisira tora yakapedzwa cellulose ether poda.
Maitiro ekuita anoda kunyatso kudzora tembiricha, pH kukosha uye nguva yekuita kuti ive nechokwadi chekutsiva (DS) uye kufanana kwechigadzirwa.
4. Nzvimbo dzekushandisa huru
Zvekuvaka:Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)inoshandiswa zvakanyanya musimende dhaka, putty poda, tile inonamira, nezvimwewo, uye inotora basa rekuchengetedza mvura, kukora, anti-sagging, nezvimwe.
Pharmaceutical industry:Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), nezvimwewo zvinoshandiswa kugadzirira machira emapiritsi, ma substrates anoramba achiburitswa, nezvimwewo, ane maitiro akanaka ekugadzira firimu uye mhedzisiro-yakaburitswa.
Indasitiri yechikafu:Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)inoshandiswa seyakakora, stabilizer, uye emulsifier, senge ice cream, sosi, zvinwiwa, nezvimwe.
Indasitiri yemazuva ese yemakemikari: inoshandiswa mu shampoo, detergent, zvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza ganda, nezvimwe kuvandudza viscosity uye kugadzikana kwechigadzirwa.
Kuchera mafuta: CMC neHEC inogona kushandiswa sekuwedzera kwemvura yekuchera kuwedzera viscosity uye lubricity yemvura yekuchera uye kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka.
Kugadzira mapepa uye machira: tamba basa rekusimbisa, saizi, mafuta kuramba uye anti-kusvibisa, uye gadzirisa zvimiro zvezvigadzirwa.
5. Tarisiro yebudiriro nematambudziko
Nekutsvagisa kwakadzama pamusoro pemakemikari egirinhi, zviwanikwa zvinogoneka uye zvinoshatisa zvinhu, cellulose ethers yakagamuchira kutariswa kwakawanda nekuda kwezviwanikwa zvavo uye kushamwaridzana kwezvakatipoteredza. Nhungamiro dzekutsvaga dzemangwana dzinonyanya kusanganisira:
Gadzira kushanda kwepamusoro-soro, kushanda kweselulosi ethers, senge yakangwara inopindura uye bioactive zvinhu.
Kuvandudza girini uye otomatiki yegadziriro yekugadzirira, uye kuderedza kugadzirwa kwesimba rekushandisa uye kusvibiswa.
Wedzera mashandisirwo musimba idzva, zvakatipoteredza zvine hushamwari zvinhu, biomedicine uye mamwe minda.
Nekudaro, cellulose ether ichiri kutarisana nematambudziko akadai semutengo wakakwira, kuomerwa mukudzora dhigirii rekutsiva, uye batch-to-batch misiyano muhurongwa hwekubatanidza, iyo inoda kuramba ichigadziriswa kuburikidza nehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji.
Seyakawanda inoshanda yemasikirwo epolymer derivative, cellulose ether ine zvese kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza uye mabhenefiti ekuita, uye chinhu chinodiwa chekuwedzera mune zvakawanda zvigadzirwa zvemaindasitiri. Nekusimbisa kwekusimudzira kwakasimba uye zvakasvibirira zvinhu, kutsvagisa kwayo uye kushandiswa kuchine nzvimbo yakakura yekusimudzira. Mune ramangwana, kuburikidza nekubatanidzwa kwezvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana uye kuiswa kwemichina mitsva, cellulose ether inotarisirwa kuita basa rinokosha mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzepamusoro-soro.
Nguva yekutumira: May-20-2025