Diacetone Acrylamide (DAAM)

Kufotokozera Kwachidule:

Wopanga ndi Wogulitsa wa Diacetone Acrylamide (DAAM)

Diacetone acrylamide(DAAM) ndi mankhwala omwe ali m'gulu la zinthu zochokera ku acrylamide. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu polymer chemistry ndipo amatha kugwira ntchito ngati monomer popanga ma polima osiyanasiyana, makamaka omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zokutira, zomatira, ndi zinthu zina. Kapangidwe ka mankhwala ka DAAM kamakhala ndi gulu la acrylamide (gulu la vinyl lomwe limalumikizidwa ku gulu la carbonyl) ndi gawo la acetone.

Kapangidwe ka DAAM kamasiyana malinga ndi momwe imagwirira ntchito. Kawirikawiri, DAAM imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma polima okhala ndi makhalidwe abwino monga kumatira bwino, kusinthasintha, komanso kukana zinthu zachilengedwe monga kutentha ndi chinyezi.

Mbali imodzi yofunika kwambiri ya DAAM ndi kuthekera kwake kupopera ma free radical polymerization, komwe imachitapo kanthu ndi ma monomers ena (kapena yokha) kuti ipange ma polima. Ma polima awa angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo ngati zothina, zolumikizira, kapena popanga ma resins apadera.

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Diacetone AcrylamideWogulitsa ndi fakitale (DAAM)

Diacetone acrylamide(DAAM) ndi chinthu chachilengedwe chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu sayansi ya polima, ukadaulo wokutira, ndi sayansi ya zinthu. Ndi monomer yopangidwa yomwe yatchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha zinthu zake zapadera zamakemikolo, monga kuchita zinthu mwachangu, kuthekera kopanga mapangidwe osiyanasiyana a polima, komanso kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito ntchito zosiyanasiyana. DAAM imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukweza mawonekedwe a ma polima, zokutira, zomatira, ndi zosakaniza.

1. Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala ndi Makhalidwe a Diacetone Acrylamide

Diacetone acrylamide ndi chinthu chochokera ku acrylamide, pomwe gulu la acrylamide limalowetsedwa m'malo mwa acetone pamalo a nayitrogeni. Fomula ya mankhwala ya DAAM ndiC₆H₁₁NO₂, ndipo kulemera kwake kwa mamolekyu kuli pafupifupi129.17 g/mol.

Kapangidwe ka DAAM kali ndi:

An gulu la acrylamide(CH₂=CH-C(=O)-NH-), chomwe ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la molekyulu.
A gulu la diacetone(C₄H₇O₂), yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi nayitrogeni wa acrylamide.

Nambala ya CAS: 2873-97-4
TSCA :2873-97-4
EINECS :220-713-2
ENCS :2-1024

Mawonekedwe

Diacetone acrylamide imapanga ma polymer mosavuta ndikupanga ma copolymers okhala ndi ma comonomers osiyanasiyana
Diacetone acrylamide imakumana ndi gulu la ketone la adipic acid dihydrazide pa kutentha kwabwinobwino.

Kupezeka kwagulu logwira ntchito la acrylamideimalola DAAM kupolima mofanana ndi zinama monomers okhala ndi acrylamide, pomwekapangidwe ka diacetoneimapereka cholepheretsa chomwe chimakhudza momwe imagwirira ntchito komanso momwe imagwirira ntchito. Gulu la acetone limapangitsanso kuti mankhwalawa asungunuke kwambiri mu zosungunulira zachilengedwe.

2. Kupanga kwa Diacetone Acrylamide

Kupanga kwa DAAM kumaphatikizapo njira ziwiri:

Kuchuluka kwa acrylamide: Gawo loyamba ili limaphatikizapo kuchita acrylamide ndi acetone pamaso pa asidi kapena chothandizira cha maziko. Acetone imakumana ndi atomu ya nayitrogeni ya acrylamide kuti ipange diacetone derivative.
Kuyeretsa: Akamaliza kuchitapo kanthu, mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amayeretsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zoyeretsera kapena zoyeretsera kuti atulutseDAAM monomermu mawonekedwe ake oyera.

Yankho lake lingatanthauzidwe motere:

Acrylamide (CH₂=CH-C(=O)-NH₂)Amachitapo kanthu ndi acetone (CH₃COCH₃) kuti apange diacetone acrylamide (CH₂=CH-C(=O)-NH-CH₂COCH₃).

Kupanga kwa DAAM ndikosavuta, koma kuwongolera molondola momwe zinthu zimachitikira (monga kutentha, nthawi yochitira, kusankha zosungunulira) ndikofunikira kuti pakhale zokolola zambiri komanso kuyera.

3. Kupopera kwa Diacetone Acrylamide

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri cha DAAM ndi kuthekera kwake kupirirapolymerization ya free radicalGulu la acrylamide mu DAAM lingathe kutenga nawo mbali mu ma polymerization reactions, zomwe zimathandiza DAAM kulumikizana ndi ma monomer ena kapena lokha kupanga maunyolo atali a polima. Izi zimapangitsa DAAM kukhala monomer yothandiza popanga ma polima okhala ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana.

Kupopera kwa DAAM kungapitirire kudzera mu:

Homopolymerization: Monomer ya DAAM imakumana ndi ma monomer ena a DAAM, ndikupanga polima yokhala ndi mayunitsi a DAAM okha.
Ma Copolymers: DAAM ingathenso kupangidwa ndi acrylate, methacrylate, kapena ma monomers ena okhala ndi vinyl kuti apange ma copolymers okhala ndi mawonekedwe opangidwa mwaluso. Izi zimathandiza kuti pakhale magulu enaake ogwira ntchito omwe amapereka makhalidwe apadera ku polima.

Zoyambitsa ma free radical (monga,AIBN, BPO) kapena kuwala kwa UV nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambitsa njira yopangira polymerization. Zotsatira zakeMa polima opangidwa ndi DAAMZitha kukhala ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana kutengera kuchuluka kwa polymerization, kupezeka kwa othandizira olumikizirana, ndi mtundu wa ma co-monomers omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Katundu

Maonekedwe	Ufa wa flakes woyera mpaka wachikasu pang'ono
Fomula	C₉H₁₅NO₂
Kulemera kwa Mol.	169.23
Mphamvu yokoka yeniyeni (60°C)	0.998
Malo osungunuka	56°C
Malo otentha	120°C (8 mm Hg)
Kusungunuka m'madzi mu zinthu zachilengedwe zosungunulira	>100g/100g H₂O Miscible
Tg (homo-polima)	77°C (DSC)
Kukhuthala (60°C)	17.9 m Pa·s

Kupolima

M1	M2	r1	r2	Q1	e1	Q2	e2
Styrene	Diacetone acrylamide	1.77 ±0.08	0.49 ±0.06	1.00	-0.80	0.42	-0.42
Methyl methakrilate	Diacetone acrylamide	1.68 ±0.06	0.57 ±0.03	0.74	0.04	0.41	-0.02

4. Kugwiritsa ntchito Diacetone Acrylamide

4.1. Zophimba ndi Utoto

DAAM imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mankhwalazophimba ndi utotochifukwa cha kuthekera kwake kupanga ma polima okhala ndi mphamvu yolimba, kusinthasintha, komanso kukana zinthu zachilengedwe. Makanema a polima omwe amatsatirawa amasonyeza magwiridwe antchito abwino poyerekeza ndi zokutira zachikhalidwe za acrylic kapena polyester.

Ntchito zina zapadera zikuphatikizapo:

Zophimba zotetezaMa polima opangidwa ndi DAAM amapereka kukana bwino kutentha, chinyezi, ndi kusweka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale abwino kwambiri kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zokutira zamagalimoto, zamafakitale, komanso zam'madzi.
Zomatira: Kupangidwa kwa DAAM polima kungayambitse zomatira zomwe zimapanga zomangira zolimba ndi malo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zitsulo, mapulasitiki, ndi galasi.
Zophimba zoletsa kuwononga: Makanema osinthasintha komanso olimba opangidwa kuchokera ku ma polima opangidwa ndi DAAM amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale omwe amafunikira zokutira zoteteza ku kuwonongeka kwa zinthu.

4.2. Ma polima onyowa kwambiri

DAAM imagwiritsidwa ntchito popangama polima onyowa kwambiri(SAP), zomwe ndi zinthu zomwe zimatha kuyamwa madzi ambiri kapena zakumwa zina. Zinthuzi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu monga:

Zinthu zaukhondo: Ma SAP ochokera ku DAAM amapezeka mu zinthu monga matewera, zopukutira zaukhondo, ndi zinthu zoletsa kudzimbidwa kwa akuluakulu.
Ntchito zaulimi: Ma polima opangidwa kuchokera ku DAAM angagwiritsidwe ntchito paulimi kuti athandize kusunga madzi m'nthaka.

4.3. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zachipatala ndi Zamankhwala

Chifukwa cha kugwirizana kwake ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana, DAAM ikufufuzidwanso mumagawo azachipatala ndi azachipatala. Mwachitsanzo:

Machitidwe operekera mankhwala: Ma polima opangidwa ndi DAAM amatha kupangidwa kuti apereke mankhwala mwanjira yowongoleredwa, kupereka kutulutsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali kapena kulunjika ku minofu inayake.
Ukadaulo wa minofu: Kapangidwe ka ma polima opangidwa ndi DAAM kosinthasintha komanso kogwirizana ndi zamoyo kumapangitsa kuti akhale oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma scaffolds opangira minofu, mabala opaka, ndi zida zina zamankhwala.

4.4. Kupanga kwa Hydrogel

Ma hydrogel opangidwa kuchokera ku DAAM amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zosungira madzi ambiri. Ma hydrogel awa angagwiritsidwe ntchito mu:

Kusamalira mabalaMa hydrogel amapereka malo onyowa kuti mabala achire, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda ndikufulumizitsa kuchira.
ZodzoladzolaMa Hydrogel opangidwa kuchokera ku DAAM amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zosamalira khungu, kuphatikizapo mafuta odzola ndi mafuta oletsa kukalamba, chifukwa cha luso lawo labwino lopatsa khungu madzi.

4.5. Kupanga Zinthu Zosiyanasiyana ndi Zosakaniza

DAAM imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pokonzekerananocompositesndi apamwambazipangizo zopangidwa ndi polimaMwachitsanzo, DAAM ikhoza kusinthidwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono kuti ipange zinthu zosakanizidwa zokhala ndi mphamvu zowonjezera zamakanika, zamagetsi, kapena kutentha. Zipangizozi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo:

Zamagetsi: Ma nanocomposites a polymer opangidwa kuchokera ku DAAM angagwiritsidwe ntchito mu zamagetsi osinthasintha komanso zinthu zoyendetsera magetsi.
Zamlengalenga: Zopangidwa ndi DAAM zimagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zopepuka komanso zolimba kwambiri mu ntchito zapamlengalenga.

4.6. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kusindikiza ndi Nsalu

Mu makampani opanga nsalu, DAAM imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nsalu zolimba komanso zosinthasintha. Mwachitsanzo,zokutira zogwira ntchitokutengera DAAM, ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa nsalu kuti ikhale yolimba ku madzi, madontho, ndi kuwala kwa UV. Mofananamo, DAAM ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popangainki yosindikizira, komwe kuthekera kwake kupanga mafilimu apamwamba kumathandiza kuti zosindikizidwa zikhale zomveka bwino komanso zolimba.