Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC) bụ ihe na-abụghị ionic cellulose ether nke a na-ejikarị arụ ọrụ, ihe mkpuchi, ceramics, ọgwụ, nri na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ. HEMC nwere ezigbo mmiri solubility, ịgba, njigide mmiri, imepụta ihe nkiri na ihe jikọrọ ọnụ, ma na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na ngwa agha agwakọta akọrọ, agba latex, ncha na mpaghara ndị ọzọ.
1. Usoro mmepụta
1.1 Nkwadebe ihe onwunwe
A na-akwado HEMC site na cellulose sitere n'okike, methyl chloride (CH₃Cl), ethylene oxide (C₂H₄O), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) na akụrụngwa ndị ọzọ.
Cellulose: A na-ejikarị pulp osisi ma ọ bụ pulp owu eme ihe dị ka isi akụrụngwa, nke chọrọ ịdị ọcha dị elu na adịghị ọcha ole na ole iji hụ na ngwaahịa dị mma.
Alkalizer (NaOH): ejiri mee ka cellulose rụọ ọrụ ma melite ọrụ mmeghachi omume.
Onye na-emepụta ihe (CH₃Cl na C₂H₄O): nye methyl na hydroxyethyl otu n'otu n'otu, nke mere na cellulose na-enweta mmeghachi omume ngbanwe, na-eme ka mmiri na-edozi ahụ na ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ.
Organic ihe mgbaze (dị ka isopropanol): na-eji igbari reactants, ịchịkwa mmeghachi omume gburugburu ebe obibi na ibelata akụkụ mmeghachi omume.
1.2 ọgwụgwọ Alkalization
Mgbe e gwepịara cellulose, a na-agbakwunye sodium hydroxide ngwọta kwesịrị ekwesị ma na-eme ọgwụgwọ alkalization na ụfọdụ okpomọkụ na nrụgide, nke na-ewekarị 30-60 nkeji. Ebumnuche bụ isi nke alkalization bụ ịgbasa agbụ mkpụrụ ndụ cellulose ma melite mmeghachi omume ya na onye na-ahụ maka etherifying. Usoro a na-emekarị rụrụ na a mechiri emechi reactor na-akpali akpali iji hụ na alkali ngwọta evenly penetrates n'ime cellulose.
1.3 mmeghachi omume etherification
Cellulose alkalized na-emeghachi omume na methylation na hydroxyethylation reagents (CH₃Cl na C₂H₄O) na reactor iji mepụta hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose. Ọnọdụ mmeghachi omume gụnyere:
Okpomọkụ: 60-90°C
Nrụgide: 0.5-1.5 MPa
Oge: 2-5 awa
N'oge mmeghachi omume ahụ, mmeghachi omume methylation na hydroxyethylation na-aga n'ihu n'otu oge, nke mere na akụkụ hydroxyl (-OH) nke cellulose na-anọchi anya methyl (-OCH).₃) na hydroxyethyl (-OCH₂CH₂OH), si otú ahụ na-agbanwe ya solubility na ndim Njirimara. Iji kwalite ogo ngbanwe (ụkpụrụ DS na MS), ọ na-adịkarị mkpa ịkwalite usoro na oke nke mgbakwunye etherification.
1.4 Neutralization na ịsacha
Mgbe emechara mmeghachi omume ahụ, sistemụ ahụ ka nwere alkali na-emeghị eme, ihe mgbaze na ngwaahịa (dị ka NaCl). Ya mere, neutralization na ịsacha a chọrọ:
Neutralization: Jiri acid (dị ka acetic acid) mee ka alkali dị na sistemụ kwụsịlata ma mezie pH uru na 6-8.
Ịsacha: Jiri nnukwu mmiri ọkụ ma ọ bụ ethanol aqueous ngwọta na-asachapụ cellulose ugboro ugboro iji wepụ ihe ndị a na-emeghị eme na ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe, belata ihe na-adịghị ọcha, ma melite ịdị ọcha nke ngwaahịa ahụ.
1.5 ihicha na ikpochapu
Mgbe ịsachara, HEMC ka nwere oke mmiri ma ọ dị mkpa ka akpọnwụ ya. Ụzọ ihicha a na-ahụkarị bụ:
Ikpochapu ikuku: iji ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ HEMC mmiri, na-arụ ọrụ dị elu ma dị mma maka mmepụta nnukwu.
Ịkpọ nkụ na-ekpo ọkụ: kpo oku na ihicha n'okpuru ọnọdụ nrụgide dị ala, nke nwere ike igbochi mmebi cellulose nke ọma ma dị mma maka ngwaahịa dị elu.
Mgbe ihichachara, HEMC na-egwepịa ya site na pulverizer na nha nha na-achịkwa site na nyocha iji nweta mma dị mma nke ngwaahịa (na-emekarị 80-120 mesh).
2. njikwa mma
Njikwa ogo HEMC gụnyere ihe ngosi ndị a:
Degree nke nnọchi (DS na MS): na-ekpebi ihe solubility na viscosity, n'ozuzu DS dị n'etiti 1.1-2.0 na MS dị n'etiti 0.1-0.5.
Ọdịnaya mmiri: a na-achọkarị ka ọ bụrụ≤5%
Viscosity: achọrọ akara ule viscosity dị iche iche maka mpaghara ngwa dị iche iche (dịka 400-100,000 mPa·s).
Ịdị ọcha: chọrọ ọdịnaya ntụ dị ala, iwepụ ihe mgbaze fọdụrụnụ, ma hụ na enweghị isi.
3. Mpaghara ngwa ngwa
Ihe owuwu ụlọ: eji na ciment mortar, putty powder, tile adhesive, iji meziwanye njide mmiri na ịrụ ọrụ ihe owuwu.
Ụlọ ọrụ mkpuchi mkpuchi: a na-eji agba na agba latex mee ihe, iji nye ezigbo rheology na arụ ọrụ mgbochi.
Ọgwụ na nri: dị ka onye na-eku ume na emulsifier, kwekọrọ na ọkwa nri ma ọ bụ ụkpụrụ pharmacopoeia.
NkeHEMC usoro mmepụta gụnyere alkalization, etherification, neutralization, ịsacha, ihicha na ikpochapụ. Ịkwalite usoro usoro na imeziwanye ogo ngbanwe na ịdị ọcha ngwaahịa bụ isi ihe iji melite arụmọrụ HEMC. Site na ihe ndị na-arịwanye elu chọrọ maka nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi na mmepụta akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, mmepụta HEMC ga-etinyekwu uche na nchekwa ike na mbelata ikuku na itinye ihe mgbaze ndụ ndụ n'ọdịnihu.
Oge nzipu: Mee-08-2025