Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer: Plasticizer kacha maka ihe

Nchịkọta

Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer(PCE) bụ ihe dị elu nke na-ebelata mmiri na-ebelata mmiri (HRWR) nke a na-eji eme ihe iji kwalite ịrụ ọrụ, belata ọdịnaya mmiri, ma melite ike na ịdịte aka. Dị ka plasticizer ọgbọ ọhụrụ, PCE ejirila dochie anya superplasticizers ọdịnala dị ka naphthalene sulfonates na lignosulfonates n'ihi ike mgbasa ozi ya dị elu, ogologo oge nkwụsịtụ, yana ndakọrịta na ihe cementitious dị iche iche. Akwụkwọ a na-enye nyocha zuru oke nke PCE, gụnyere ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ ya, usoro arụ ọrụ, uru, ngwa, ihe ịma aka, na ọnọdụ n'ọdịnihu.

1. Okwu mmalite

1.1 Kedu ihe bụ Plasticizer na Concrete?

Plasticizer bụ ihe mgbakwunye kemịkalụ na-eme ka arụ ọrụ nke kọmpụta na-arụ ọrụ site na ibelata ọdịnaya mmiri ka ọ na-edobe ma ọ bụ na-abawanye mmụba. A na-ekewa ihe ndị na-emepụta plastik n'ime:

• Plasticizers nkịtị (mbelata mmiri ruru 15%)

• Superplasticizers (HRWRs) (mbelata mmiri n'etiti 20-40%)

1.2 Kedu ihe bụ Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer (PCE)?

Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer bụ superplasticizer na-arụ ọrụ dị elu nke na-eme ka mgbasa ciment dịkwuo mma ma na-ebelata iji mmiri eme ihe ma na-ejigide ọrụ dị mma. A na-eji ya n'ọtụtụ ebe na ike dị elu, na-eme ka onwe ya dị elu, na ultra high-performance concrete (UHPC).

1.3 Mkpa PCE na teknụzụ ihe eji eme ọgbara ọhụrụ

Ebe ụlọ ọrụ na-ewu ihe na-achọsi ike, na-adịgide adịgide, na ihe na-adịgide adịgide, PCE na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na:

• Ụlọ elu na àkwà mmiri

• Ihe na-emekọ onwe ya (SCC)

• Precast na njikere mix ihe

• Akụrụngwa chọrọ ịdịte aka dị elu

1.4 Evolution nke Superplasticizers

Mmepe nke superplasticizers sitere na ọgbọ dị iche iche:

1. Ọgbọ mbụ - Lignosulfonates

2. Ọgbọ nke abụọ - Sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde (SNF) na sulfonated melamine formaldehyde (SMF)

3. Ọgbọ nke atọ - Superplasticizers dabere na polycarboxylate (PCE)

PCEna-enye mbelata mmiri dị elu, ogologo njigide slump, yana mma ndakọrịta na ihe cimenti, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ plasticizer kachasị mma taa.

2. Ngwakọta kemịkalụ na usoro arụ ọrụ nke PCE

2.1 Ọdịdị Chemical nke PCE

PCE mejupụtara:

• Ọkpụkpụ azụ polycarboxylate na-ejikọta na irighiri ciment.

• Agbụ akụkụ (polyethylene glycol ma ọ bụ ogige ndị yiri ya) nke na-enye ihe mgbochi siri ike iji gbochie ịkwagharị.

2.2 Usoro eji arụ ọrụ

PCE na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma site na usoro abụọ:

2.2.1 Electrostatic Repulsion

Otu carboxylate (-COO⁻) dị na ụmụ irighiri ihe PCE na-adaba n'elu akụkụ ciment, na-ewebata ebubo na-adịghị mma nke na-achụpụ ibe ha, na-egbochi nchịkọta ihe.

2.2.2 Mmetụta mgbochi Steric

Agbụ n'akụkụ ogologo na-emepụta ihe mgbochi anụ ahụ n'etiti irighiri ciment, na-egbochi ịmaliteghachi agglomeration na ịkwalite mgbasa.

Mmetụta ndị a na-ebute:

• Mmụba mmiri na-abawanye na-agbakwunyeghị oke mmiri.

• Mmiri simenti ka mma na-eduga n'ịkwalite ike na ịdịte aka.

• Ndogide slump dị ogologo maka ịrụ ọrụ ogologo oge.

3. Uru nke Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer

3.1 Mbelata mmiri dị elu

PCE na-enyere aka ruo 40% mbelata mmiri, na-ebelata oke mmiri na ciment (W/C) ka ọ na-ejigide ike.

3.2 Enwerekwa ike ịrụ ọrụ yana njigide slump

Ihe PCE-gbanwetụrụ na-ejigide ọrụ ya maka ihe karịrị awa 2, na-eme ka ọ dị mma maka ngwakọta njikere na ngwa ngwa.

3.3 Mbara ike na ịdịte aka

Na obere mmiri, PCE na-akawanye mma:

• Ike mkpakọ mmalite maka usoro ihe owuwu ngwa ngwa.

• Ike kacha maka ngwa ibu dị elu.

• Ịdị ogologo, ibelata mbelata, mgbawa, na permeability.

3.4 Mbelata na mbelata

Ọdịnaya nke mmiri dị ala na-ebelata mkpọchị na mkpụkọ, na-egbochi mgbawa ka oge na-aga.

3.5 Uru gburugburu ebe obibi na akụ na ụba

PCE na-ebelata ọchịchọ ciment, belata ikuku CO₂ na ụgwọ ihe onwunwe, na-enye aka na-ewu ụlọ.

4. Ngwa nke Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer

4.1 Ihe eji arụ ọrụ dị elu (HPC)

HPC, na-achọ ike dị elu na ịdịte aka, dabere na PCE maka nguzozi mmiri-ciment kacha mma.

4.2 Concrete na-emekọ onwe ya (SCC)

PCE na-enye ohere ka SCC na-asọba n'okpuru ibu nke ya, na-ewepụ mkpa maka ịma jijiji ka ọ na-ahụkwa nchikota otu.

4.3 Precast Concrete

N'ime ihe precast, PCE na-ahụ maka inweta ike ngwa ngwa, na-ebelata oge nbibi yana ịbawanye arụmọrụ mmepụta.

4.4 Ihe Nrụpụta Dị Elu (UHPC)

UHPC, nke eji na gburugburu oke nrụgide, na-erite uru site na ike PCE iwetu ọdịnaya mmiri ka ọ na-ejigide ọrụ.

4.5 Njikere-Mix Concrete

PCE na-eme ka njem njem dị anya, na-edobe ihe na-arụ ọrụ ogologo oge.

5. Mmetụta nke PCE na Njirimara Ihe

5.1 Njirimara ihe dị ọhụrụ

• Ọganihu emelitere maka ntinye dị mfe.

• Ịrụ ọrụ agbatịkwuru na-enweghị nkewa ma ọ bụ ọbara ọgbụgba.

• Oge nhazi oge a na-achịkwa, enwere ike ịhazi ya na ihe nkwụghachi azụ ma ọ bụ ihe osooso.

5.2 Ngwongwo ihe siri ike

• Oke mkpakọ na ike tensile.

• Obere permeability, na-eme ka nguzogide ntu oyi na ọgụ sulfate.

• Mbelata mbelata na mkpụgharị, na-egbochi nrụrụ ogologo oge.

6. Ndakọrịta nke PCE na Admixtures ndị ọzọ

6.1 Ihe mgbakwunye cementitious (SCMs)

PCE dakọtara na utu ijiji, slag, na uzu silica, na-eme ka mmeghachi omume ha na hydration dịkwuo mma.

6.2 Mmekọrịta na ihe mgbakwunye ndị ọzọ

• Ndị na-eweghachi azụ na-agbatị oge nhazi mgbe achọrọ ya.

• Ndị na-eme ngwa ngwa na-eme ka uru ike dị ngwa maka ọrụ ọsọ ọsọ.

• Ndị ọrụ na-enye ikuku (AEAs) na-eme ka nguzogide ntu oyi na-agbaze mana ha chọrọ mmezi nhazi usoro nke ọma.

7. Ihe ịma aka na oke

7.1 Okwu nfefe oke

Oke PCE nwere ike ibute oke azụ azụ, ikewapụ, ma ọ bụ ọbara ọgbụgba.

7.2 Mmetụta maka ihe mejupụtara ciment

Ọrụ PCE na-adabere n'ụdị ciment, ịdị mma, na ihe mejupụtara mineral, na-achọ nnwale tupu ngwa.

7.3 Ntụle ọnụ ahịa

PCE dị ọnụ karịa ndị na-emepụta ihe eji eme ihe, mana arụmọrụ ya na uru dị ogologo oge na-egosi na ọ ga-eri ya.

8. Ọdịnihu na ihe ọhụrụ

8.1 Ngwakọta smart na PCE na-anabata

Usoro ọhụrụ na-enye ohere mgbanwe ozugbo na mmiri mmiri na ịtọ oge dabere na ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi.

8.2 Bio-based na Eco-Friendly Superplasticizers

Nchọpụta lekwasịrị anya n'ihe ndị ọzọ PCE nwere ike ime iji belata mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi ọzọ.

8.3 PCE emeziri Nano

A na-eji teknụzụ nanotechnology na-akwalite mgbasa cement-particles ma kwalite hydration.

Polycarboxylate Superplasticizerbụ plasticizer kasị dị irè maka ihe ọgbara ọhụrụ, na-enye:

• Mbelata mmiri dị elu

• Enwetara ike ịrụ ọrụ na ike

• Eco-enyi na enyi na ọnụ ahịa ngwọta

N'agbanyeghị obere ihe ịma aka, PCE na-anọgide na-ahọrọ superplasticizer maka ịrụ ọrụ dị elu, nke na-adịgide adịgide na ngwa ngwa. Ọganihu n'ọdịnihu ga-aga n'ihu na-ebuli arụmọrụ ya, na-agbanwegharị ụlọ ọrụ ihe owuwu.