Cellulose ethersbụ ụdị mkpụrụ ndụ cellulose gbanwetụrụ dabere na cellulose eke, nke a na-etolite site na iwebata otu ọrụ dị iche iche site na mmeghachi omume etherification. Dị ka ụdị nke polymer ihe na magburu onwe arụmọrụ na obosara ngwa, cellulose ethers nwere mkpa ngwa na-ewu, ọgwụ, nri, ntecha, mmanụ ala, papermaking, textiles na ndị ọzọ ubi n'ihi na ha dị mma solubility, ihe nkiri-akpụ Njirimara, adhesion, thickening Njirimara, mmiri njide na biocompatibility. Ihe na-esonụ bụ ntụle nke nhazi ya, nhazi ya, arụmọrụ ya, usoro nkwadebe na ngwa ya.
1. Ọdịdị na nhazi ọkwa
Cellulose bụ polymer eke sitere n'okike nke usoro ya bụ nkeji glucose jikọtara ya na njikọ β-1,4-glycosidic ma nwee ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke otu hydroxyl. Ndị otu hydroxyl ndị a na-enwekarị mmeghachi omume etherification, na ihe dị iche iche (dị ka methyl, hydroxypropyl, carboxymethyl, wdg) na-ewebata n'okpuru ọnọdụ alkaline iji mepụta cellulose ethers.
Dị ka ihe dị iche iche dị iche iche si dị, cellulose ethers nwere ike kewaa n'ime ụdị ndị a:
Anionic cellulose ethers: dị ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), nke a na-ejikarị na nri, ọgwụ na mmanụ olulu.
Nonionic cellulose ethers: dị ka methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), wdg, na-bụ nke a na-eji na-ewu, ọgwụ, kwa ụbọchị chemicals na ndị ọzọ ọrụ.
Cationic cellulose ethers: dị ka trimethyl ammonium chloride cellulose, eji na-emepụta akwụkwọ mgbakwunye na mmiri ọgwụgwọ na ndị ọzọ ubi.
2. Njirimara arụmọrụ
N'ihi ihe ndị dị iche iche, cellulose ethers na-egosi ihe onwunwe ha pụrụ iche, ma n'ozuzu ha nwere uru ndị a:
Ezi solubility: Ọtụtụ cellulose ethers nwere ike igbari na mmiri ma ọ bụ organic solvents na-emepụta ike colloid ma ọ bụ ngwọta.
Mgbochi dị oke mma na njide mmiri: nwere ike ịbawanye viscosity nke ngwọta nke ọma, gbochie mgbanwe mmiri, ma nwee ike ịkwalite njide mmiri n'ime ihe ndị dị ka ngwa agha.
Ihe na-emepụta ihe nkiri: nwere ike ịmepụta ihe nkiri na-egbuke egbuke na nke siri ike, nke kwesịrị ekwesị maka mkpuchi ọgwụ, mkpuchi, wdg.
Emulsification na mgbasa: mee ka akụkụ ahụ gbasasịa guzosie ike na usoro emulsion ma melite nkwụsi ike nke emulsion.
Biocompatibility na enweghị nsí: adabara ubi ọgwụ na nri.
3. Usoro nkwadebe
Nkwadebe nke cellulose ether na-agbaso usoro ndị a:
Mgbalite cellulose: meghachi omume cellulose eke na sodium hydroxide iji mepụta cellulose alkali.
Mmeghachi omume etherification: n'okpuru ọnọdụ mmeghachi omume a kapịrị ọnụ, alkali cellulose na onye na-ahụ maka etherifying (dị ka sodium chloroacetate, methyl chloride, propylene oxide, wdg) na-eme ka ewebata ihe dị iche iche.
Nnọpụiche na ịsacha: kpochapụ ihe ndị sitere na ngwaahịa ndị mmeghachi omume na-asachapụ iji wepụ ihe ndị na-adịghị ọcha.
Ịkpọ nkụ na ịkụpịa: n'ikpeazụ nweta cellulose ether ntụ ntụ.
Usoro mmeghachi omume kwesịrị ịchịkwa okpomọkụ, uru pH na oge mmeghachi omume iji hụ na ogo nnọchi (DS) na ịdị n'otu nke ngwaahịa ahụ.
4. Mpaghara ngwa ngwa
Ihe owuwu ụlọ:Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)a na-ejikarị ciment mortar, putty powder, tile adhesive, etc., na-arụkwa ọrụ nke idebe mmiri, ndim, mgbochi sagging, wdg.
Ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ:Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)A na-eji ihe ndị ọzọ eme ihe iji kwadebe ihe mkpuchi mbadamba nkume, ihe ndị na-emepụta mbadamba ihe na-adịgide adịgide, wdg, na-enwe ezigbo ihe nkiri na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-adịgide adịgide.
Ụlọ ọrụ nri:Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)a na-eji dị ka thickener, stabilizer, na emulsifier, dị ka ice cream, sauces, ihe ọṅụṅụ, wdg.
Ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ kwa ụbọchị: ejiri ncha ntutu, ncha, ngwaahịa nlekọta anụ ahụ, wdg iji kwalite viscosity na nkwụsi ike nke ngwaahịa ahụ.
Ngwupu mmanụ: Enwere ike iji CMC na HEC dị ka ihe mgbakwunye mmiri na-egwupụta mmiri iji mee ka viscosity na mmanye nke mmiri mmiri na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma ma melite arụmọrụ ọrụ.
Ịme akwụkwọ na textiles: na-arụ ọrụ nke nkwado, nha nha, nguzogide mmanụ na mgbochi, ma melite njirimara anụ ahụ nke ngwaahịa.
5. Atụmanya mmepe na ihe ịma aka
Site na nyocha miri emi na kemistri akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, ihe ndị a na-emegharịgharị na ihe ndị na-emebi emebi, cellulose ethers enwetawo nlebara anya karịa n'ihi isi mmalite okike ha na ịdị mma gburugburu ebe obibi. Ntuziaka nyocha n'ọdịnihu gụnyere:
Zụlite arụmọrụ dị elu, ethers cellulose na-arụ ọrụ, dị ka ihe ndị nwere ọgụgụ isi na-anabata ihe na ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe.
Meziwanye akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na akpaaka nke usoro nkwadebe, ma belata mmepụta ike oriri na mmetọ.
Gbasawanye ngwa na ume ọhụrụ, ihe ndị na-emetụta gburugburu ebe obibi, biomedicine na mpaghara ndị ọzọ.
Otú ọ dị, cellulose ether ka na-eche nsogbu ndị dị ka ọnụ ahịa dị elu, ihe isi ike na ịchịkwa ogo ngbanwe, yana ọdịiche dị iche iche na nhazi nhazi, bụ nke kwesịrị ịnọgide na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma site na nkà na ụzụ ọhụrụ.
Dị ka ihe na-emepụta polymer na-arụ ọrụ dị iche iche, cellulose ether nwere ma nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi yana uru arụmọrụ, yana ihe mgbakwunye dị mkpa n'ọtụtụ ngwaahịa mmepụta ihe. N'ịgbasi ike na mmepe na-adigide na ihe ndị na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, nyocha ya na ngwa ya ka nwere ohere mmepe sara mbara. N'ọdịnihu, site na ntinye nke usoro mmụta mmekọrịta na ntinye nke teknụzụ ọhụrụ, cellulose ether na-atụ anya na ọ ga-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na mpaghara ndị dị elu.
Oge nzipu: Mee-20-2025