HPMC rau cov tshuaj sib xyaw qhuav

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm HPMC hauv cov tshuaj mortar qhuav sib xyaw

1, HPMC nyob rau hauv cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov mortar ib txwm muaj

HPMC feem ntau yog siv ua tus neeg tiv thaiv thiab tus neeg sawv cev khaws dej hauv cov cement piv. Hauv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke thiab mortar, nws tuaj yeem txhim kho viscosity thiab shrinkage rate, ua kom muaj zog sib txuas, tswj lub sijhawm teeb tsa ntawm cement, thiab txhim kho lub zog pib thiab lub zog flexural zoo li qub. Vim tias nws muaj lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev khaws dej, tuaj yeem txo qhov poob ntawm cov dej ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov coagulation, tuaj yeem zam qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab nrib pleb ntawm ntug, thiab tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov kev sib txuas thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim kho. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev tsim kho, tuaj yeem ntev thiab kho lub sijhawm teeb tsa, nrog rau kev nce ntawm HPMC koob tshuaj, lub sijhawm teeb tsa mortar tau ntev; Txhim kho kev siv tshuab thiab kev twj tso kua mis, tsim nyog rau kev tsim kho tshuab; Nws tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim kho thiab tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov ntsev yaj hauv dej ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub tsev.

2, HPMC hauv cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj khib

HPMC yog ib qho tshuaj zoo rau kev khaws dej rau cov mortar qhuav, uas txo qhov nrawm ntawm kev los ntshav thiab qib kev faib ua pawg ntawm cov mortar thiab txhim kho qhov sib koom ua ke ntawm cov mortar. HPMC tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog tensile thiab lub zog sib txuas ntawm cov mortar, txawm hais tias lub zog khoov thiab lub zog compressive ntawm cov mortar raug txo me ntsis los ntawm HPMC. Tsis tas li ntawd, HPMC tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev tsim cov yas tawg hauv cov mortar, txo cov yas tawg ntawm cov mortar, kev khaws dej ntawm cov mortar nce ntxiv nrog rau qhov nce ntawm viscosity ntawm HPMC, thiab thaum viscosity tshaj 100000mPa • s, kev khaws dej tsis nce ntxiv lawm. HPMC fineness kuj muaj qee qhov cuam tshuam rau qhov nrawm ntawm kev khaws dej ntawm cov mortar, thaum cov khoom me me, qhov nrawm ntawm kev khaws dej ntawm cov mortar tau zoo dua, feem ntau siv rau cov cement mortar HPMC qhov loj me yuav tsum tsawg dua 180 microns (80 mesh screen). Cov ntsiab lus tsim nyog ntawm HPMC hauv cov mortar qhuav yog 1‰ ~ 3‰.

2.1, mortar HPMC tom qab yaj hauv dej, vim tias qhov chaw ua haujlwm kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv gelled zoo sib xws hauv lub kaw lus, thiab HPMC ua ib hom kev tiv thaiv colloid, "pob" cov khoom khov kho, thiab ntawm nws sab nraud los tsim ib txheej ntawm zaj duab xis lubrication, ua rau lub kaw lus slurry ruaj khov dua, kuj tsa cov mortar hauv cov txheej txheem sib tov ntawm cov kua thiab kev tsim kho ntawm qhov plam kuj zoo ib yam.

2.2 HPMC kua vim nws tus kheej cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov qauv molecular, yog li ntawd cov dej hauv mortar tsis yooj yim poob, thiab maj mam tso tawm hauv lub sijhawm ntev, muab mortar zoo khaws dej thiab kev tsim kho. Tiv thaiv cov dej kom tsis txhob txav mus sai dhau los ntawm mortar mus rau hauv paus, yog li cov dej khaws cia tseem nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom tshiab, uas txhawb nqa cov dej ntawm cov cement thiab txhim kho lub zog kawg. Tshwj xeeb, yog tias qhov sib txuas hauv kev sib cuag nrog cement mortar, plaster thiab binder poob dej, qhov no tsis muaj zog thiab yuav luag tsis muaj lub zog sib txuas. Feem ntau hais lus, qhov chaw sib cuag nrog cov ntaub ntawv no yog cov adsorption lub cev, ntau dua lossis tsawg dua kom nqus qee cov dej los ntawm qhov chaw, ua rau qhov no ntawm cov dej tsis tiav, yog li ntawd cov cement mortar thiab cov vuas ceramic substrate thiab cov vuas ceramic lossis plaster thiab metope bond lub zog poob qis.

Thaum npaj cov mortar, qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm HPMC yog qhov khaws dej. Nws tau ua pov thawj tias qhov khaws dej tuaj yeem siab txog 95%. Qhov nce ntawm HPMC molecular qhov hnyav thiab cov tshuaj cement yuav txhim kho qhov khaws dej thiab lub zog sib txuas ntawm cov mortar.

Piv txwv li: vim tias cov vuas pobzeb yuav tsum muaj lub zog sib txuas siab ntawm lub hauv paus thiab pobzeb, yog li cov nplaum raug cuam tshuam los ntawm ob yam ntawm cov dej nqus; Lub hauv paus (phab ntsa) nto thiab pobzeb. Cov vuas pobzeb ceramic tshwj xeeb, qhov zoo sib txawv loj heev, qee qhov qhov loj heev, qhov nqus dej ntawm cov vuas pobzeb ceramic siab, yog li qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev sib txuas raug rhuav tshem, tus neeg sawv cev khaws dej yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, thiab kev ntxiv HPMC tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau no.

2.3 HPMC ruaj khov rau cov kua qaub thiab cov hauv paus, thiab nws cov kua dej ruaj khov heev hauv pH = 2 ~ 12. Caustic soda thiab dej txiv qaub tsis muaj ntau yam cuam tshuam rau nws cov khoom, tab sis alkali tuaj yeem ua kom nws cov nqi yaj sai dua, thiab txhim kho qhov viscosity me ntsis.

2.4, ntxiv HPMC mortar kev ua tau zoo tau zoo dua, mortar zoo li muaj "oily", tuaj yeem ua rau cov pob qij txha puv, du nto, yog li cov pobzeb lossis cib thiab lub hauv paus sib txuas ruaj khov, thiab tuaj yeem ua kom ntev lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, haum rau thaj chaw loj ntawm kev tsim kho.

2.5 HPMC yog ib hom electrolyte uas tsis yog ionic thiab tsis yog polymeric. Nws ruaj khov heev hauv cov kua dej nrog cov ntsev hlau thiab cov organic electrolytes, thiab tuaj yeem ntxiv rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho kom ntev ntev kom ntseeg tau tias nws cov khoom siv tau ntev.

Cov txheej txheem tsim HPMC feem ntau yog ua los ntawm paj rwb fiber (hauv tsev) tom qab alkalization, etherification thiab tsim cov khoom polysaccharide ether. Nws tsis muaj nqi nws tus kheej, thiab tsis cuam tshuam nrog cov ions them hauv cov khoom gelled, thiab nws cov kev ua tau zoo ruaj khov. Tus nqi qis dua lwm hom cellulose ether, yog li nws siv dav hauv cov mortar qhuav.

Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose HPMCkev ua haujlwm hauv cov av sib xyaw qhuav:

HPMCtuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj mortar tshiab tuab kom muaj qee qhov viscosity ntub, kom tiv thaiv kev sib cais. Kev khaws dej (thickening) kuj yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, pab tswj cov dej dawb hauv cov tshuaj mortar, yog li muab sijhawm ntau dua rau cov khoom siv cementitious kom hydrate tom qab siv cov tshuaj mortar. (kev khaws dej) nws tus kheej huab cua, tuaj yeem tsim cov npuas me me, txhim kho kev tsim kho ntawm cov tshuaj mortar.

Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether viscosity zoo dua qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev khaws dej. Viscosity yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm HPMC kev ua tau zoo. Tam sim no, cov chaw tsim khoom HPMC sib txawv siv ntau txoj kev thiab cov cuab yeej los txiav txim siab qhov viscosity ntawm HPMC. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb yog HaakeRotovisko, Hoppler, Ubbelohde thiab Brookfield, thiab lwm yam.

Rau cov khoom tib yam, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm viscosity ntsuas los ntawm ntau txoj kev sib txawv yog txawv heev, qee qhov txawm tias muaj ntau qhov sib txawv. Yog li ntawd, thaum piv viscosity, nws yuav tsum tau ua tiav ntawm tib txoj kev xeem, suav nrog qhov kub thiab txias, rotor, thiab lwm yam.

Rau qhov loj ntawm cov khoom me me, cov khoom me me dua, qhov zoo dua qhov khaws dej. Cov khoom loj ntawm cellulose ether sib cuag nrog dej, qhov chaw tam sim ntawd yaj thiab tsim cov gel los qhwv cov khoom kom tiv thaiv cov dej molecules los ntawm kev txuas ntxiv mus rau hauv, qee zaum ntev lub sijhawm do tsis tuaj yeem sib npaug yaj, tsim cov kua flocculent av nkos lossis agglomerate. Qhov solubility ntawm cellulose ether yog ib qho ntawm cov yam tseem ceeb los xaiv cellulose ether. Fineness kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm methyl cellulose ether. MC rau cov mortar qhuav xav tau hmoov, cov dej tsawg, thiab fineness ntawm 20% ~ 60% qhov loj me me tsawg dua 63um. Fineness cuam tshuam rau qhov solubility ntawm hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether. Coarse MC feem ntau yog granular thiab tuaj yeem yooj yim yaj hauv dej yam tsis muaj agglomerating, tab sis qhov ceev yaj qeeb heev, yog li nws tsis haum rau siv hauv cov mortar qhuav. Hauv cov mortar qhuav, MC yog dispersed ntawm cov aggregate, fillers zoo thiab cov ntaub ntawv cementing xws li cement, thiab tsuas yog cov hmoov uas zoo txaus tuaj yeem zam kev sib sau ua ke ntawm methyl cellulose ether thaum sib tov nrog dej. Thaum MC ntxiv dej los yaj cov agglomerate, nws nyuaj heev rau kev tawg thiab yaj nws. MC nrog cov khoom zoo tsis yog tsuas yog pov tseg xwb, tab sis kuj txo qhov muaj zog ntawm cov mortar. Thaum cov mortar qhuav no raug tsim hauv thaj chaw loj, qhov ceev ntawm cov mortar qhuav hauv zos raug txo qis, ua rau muaj kev tawg vim yog lub sijhawm kho sib txawv. Rau cov mortar txau tshuab, vim yog lub sijhawm sib tov luv luv, qhov zoo dua.

Feem ntau hais lus, qhov siab dua qhov viscosity, qhov zoo dua qhov dej khaws cia nyhuv. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov siab dua qhov viscosity yog, qhov siab dua qhov hnyav molecular ntawm MC yog, thiab qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev yaj yuav txo qis sib xws, uas muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub zog thiab kev tsim kho ntawm mortar. Qhov siab dua qhov viscosity, qhov pom tseeb ntau dua qhov thickening nyhuv ntawm mortar, tab sis nws tsis yog proportional rau kev sib raug zoo. Qhov siab dua qhov viscosity, qhov ntub mortar yuav nplaum ntau dua, ob qho tib si kev tsim kho, kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov scraper nplaum thiab kev nplaum siab rau cov khoom siv hauv paus. Tab sis nws tsis pab tau kom nce lub zog ntawm cov mortar ntub. Hauv lwm lo lus, qhov kev ua tau zoo tiv thaiv kev poob qis tsis pom tseeb thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, qee qhov viscosity qis tab sis hloov kho methyl cellulose ethers muaj kev ua tau zoo heev hauv kev txhim kho lub zog ntawm cov mortar ntub.

Qhov kev khaws dej ntawm HPMC kuj muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog qhov kub ntawm kev siv, thiab qhov kev khaws dej ntawm methyl cellulose ether txo qis nrog qhov nce ntawm qhov kub. Tab sis hauv daim ntawv thov cov khoom siv tiag tiag, ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov mortar qhuav feem ntau yuav nyob rau hauv qhov kub siab (siab dua 40 degrees) nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev tsim kho hauv cov substrate kub, xws li lub caij ntuj sov insolation ntawm phab ntsa sab nraud putty plastering, uas feem ntau ua kom ceev cov khoom khov ntawm cement thiab qhuav mortar hardening. Qhov kev txo qis ntawm cov dej khaws cia tus nqi ua rau muaj kev xav tias ob qho tib si constructability thiab tawg tsis kam raug cuam tshuam. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, kev txo qis ntawm cov yam ntxwv kub dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb heev. Hauv qhov no, methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether additive tam sim no suav hais tias yog nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis. Txawm tias nrog kev nce ntawm methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose koob tshuaj (lub caij ntuj sov mis), kev tsim kho thiab tawg tsis kam tseem tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev siv. Los ntawm qee qhov kev kho tshwj xeeb ntawm MC, xws li kev nce qib ntawm etherification, cov dej khaws cia nyhuv ntawm MC tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov cuam tshuam zoo dua nyob rau hauv qhov kub siab, yog li nws tuaj yeem muab kev ua tau zoo dua nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav.

Feem ntau HPMC muaj qhov kub ntawm cov gel, uas tuaj yeem faib ua 60, 65, 75 hom. Rau cov mortar sib xyaw ua ke uas siv cov xuab zeb dej, cov tuam txhab lag luam yuav tsum xaiv qhov kub ntawm cov gel siab 75 HPMC. Cov koob tshuaj HPMC yuav tsum tsis txhob siab dhau, siab dhau yuav ua rau cov mortar xav tau dej ntau ntxiv, yuav lo rau ntawm cov plaster, lub sijhawm condensation ntev dhau, cuam tshuam rau kev tsim kho. Cov khoom mortar sib txawv xaiv cov viscosity sib txawv ntawm HPMC, tsis txhob siv cov viscosity siab HPMC. Yog li ntawd, txawm hais tias cov khoom hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose zoo, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo los xaiv HPMC kom raug yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv chaw kuaj mob. Tam sim no, muaj ntau tus neeg muag khoom tsis raug cai hauv lub chaw nrog HPMC, qhov zoo tsis zoo, lub chaw kuaj mob yuav tsum xaiv qee cov cellulose, ua qhov kev sim zoo, xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom mortar ruaj khov, tsis txhob ntshaw pheej yig, ua rau poob tsis tsim nyog.