Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC) Ether ce wacce ba ta ionic cellulose wacce ake amfani da ita sosai a cikin gini, sutura, tukwane, magunguna, abinci da sauran masana'antu. HEMC yana da ingantaccen ruwa mai narkewa, kauri, riƙe ruwa, ƙirƙirar fina-finai da kaddarorin haɗin gwiwa, kuma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin busassun busassun busassun fenti, fentin latex, detergent da sauran filayen.
1. Tsarin samarwa
1.1 Shirye-shiryen albarkatun kasa
HEMC an shirya shi ne daga cellulose shuka na halitta, methyl chloride (CH₃Cl), ethylene oxide (C₂H₄O), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) da sauran albarkatun kasa.
Cellulose: Ana amfani da ɓangaren litattafan itace ko ɓangaren litattafan almara a matsayin babban kayan albarkatun kasa, wanda ke buƙatar tsafta mai yawa da ƙananan ƙazanta don tabbatar da ingancin samfur.
Alkalizer (NaOH): ana amfani da shi don kunna cellulose da inganta aikin amsawa.
Wakilin Etherifying (CH₃Cl da C₂H₄O): samar da methyl da hydroxyethyl kungiyoyin bi da bi, sabõda haka, cellulose fuskanci canji dauki, inganta ruwa solubility da kuma aiki Properties.
Organic ƙarfi (kamar isopropanol): amfani da su narke reactants, sarrafa dauki yanayi da kuma rage gefe halayen.
1.2 Maganin Alkalisation
Bayan da aka murkushe cellulose, ana ƙara adadin da ya dace na maganin sodium hydroxide kuma ana gudanar da maganin alkalization a wani yanayin zafi da matsa lamba, wanda yawanci yana ɗaukar minti 30-60. Babban manufar alkalisation shine fadada sarkar kwayoyin halitta ta cellulose da kuma inganta reactivity tare da etherifying wakili. Yawancin lokaci ana yin wannan tsari a cikin rufaffiyar reactor tare da motsawa don tabbatar da cewa maganin alkali a ko'ina ya shiga cikin cellulose.
1.3 amsawar etherification
Alkalized cellulose yana amsawa tare da methylation da hydroxyethylation reagents (CH₃Cl da C₂H₄O) a cikin reactor don samar da hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose. Sharuɗɗan amsa sun haɗa da:
Zazzabi: 60-90°C
Matsa lamba: 0.5-1.5 MPa
Lokaci: 2-5 hours
Yayin da ake amsawa, halayen methylation da hydroxyethylation suna tafiya lokaci guda, don haka an maye gurbin hydroxyl (-OH) na cellulose da methyl (-OCH).₃da kuma hydroxyethyl (-OCH₂CH₂OH), ta haka canza solubility da kauri. Domin inganta darajar maye (DS da MS darajar), yawanci ya zama dole don inganta tsari da rabon ƙari na etherification.
1.4 Neutralization da wanka
Bayan an gama amsawa, tsarin har yanzu yana ƙunshe da alkali da ba a amsa ba, sauran ƙarfi da samfurori (irin su NaCl). Don haka, ana buƙatar neutralization da wankewa:
Neutralization: Yi amfani da acid (kamar acetic acid) don kawar da alkali a cikin tsarin kuma daidaita ƙimar pH zuwa 6-8.
Wankewa: Yi amfani da babban adadin ruwan zafi ko maganin ruwa na ethanol don sake wanke cellulose akai-akai don cire abubuwan da ba su da kyau da kuma abubuwan da ba su dace ba, rage ƙazanta abun ciki, da haɓaka tsabtar samfurin.
1.5 bushewa da murƙushewa
Bayan wankewa, HEMC har yanzu yana dauke da danshi mai yawa kuma yana buƙatar bushewa. Hanyoyin bushewa gama gari sune:
Busassun iska: yin amfani da iska mai zafi mai sauri don bushe rigar HEMC, tare da babban inganci kuma ya dace da samarwa mai girma.
Bushewar Vacuum: dumama da bushewa a ƙarƙashin yanayin ƙarancin matsa lamba, wanda zai iya hana lalacewar cellulose yadda ya kamata kuma ya dace da samfuran inganci.
Bayan bushewa, HEMC yana murƙushewa ta hanyar pulverizer kuma ana sarrafa girman barbashi ta hanyar nunawa don cimma ƙimar da ake buƙata na samfurin (yawanci 80-120 raga).
2. Kula da inganci
Kula da ingancin HEMC yafi haɗa da alamomi masu zuwa:
Matsayin maye (DS da MS): yana ƙayyade solubility da danko, gabaɗaya DS yana tsakanin 1.1-2.0 kuma MS yana tsakanin 0.1-0.5.
Abun ciki na danshi: yawanci ana buƙatar zama≤5%.
Dankowa: ana buƙatar maki daban-daban na danko don filayen aikace-aikacen daban-daban (kamar 400-100,000 mPa·s).
Tsafta: yana buƙatar ƙarancin abun ciki na toka, cire sauran kaushi, kuma tabbatar da rashin wari.
3. Babban wuraren aikace-aikacen
Kayan gine-gine: ana amfani da su a cikin turmi siminti, foda mai ɗorewa, mannen tayal, don inganta riƙe ruwa da aikin ginin.
Masana'antar sutura: ana amfani da su a cikin fenti da fenti, don samar da kyakkyawan rheology da aikin hana sagging.
Magunguna da abinci: azaman mai kauri da emulsifier, daidai da matakin abinci ko ma'auni na pharmacopoeia.
TheHEMC tsarin samarwa ya haɗa da alkalization, etherification, neutralization, wankewa, bushewa da murkushewa. Inganta sigogi na tsari da haɓaka digiri na maye gurbin da tsabtar samfur shine mabuɗin don haɓaka aikin HEMC. Tare da karuwar buƙatun don kare muhalli da masana'antu na kore, samar da HEMC zai ba da hankali ga kiyaye makamashi da rage yawan iska da kuma aikace-aikace na kaushi na kore a nan gaba.
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-08-2025