Diacetone Acrylamide (DAAM)

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Mai ƙera da Mai Kaya Diacetone Acrylamide (DAAM)

Diacetone acrylamide(DAAM) wani sinadari ne da ke cikin ajin abubuwan da aka samo daga acrylamide. Sau da yawa ana amfani da shi a cikin sinadarai na polymer kuma yana iya aiki a matsayin monomer wajen samar da nau'ikan polymers daban-daban, musamman waɗanda ake amfani da su a cikin rufi, manne, da haɗaka. Tsarin sinadarai na DAAM ya ƙunshi ƙungiyar acrylamide (ƙungiyar vinyl da aka haɗa da ƙungiyar carbonyl) da kuma ɓangaren acetone.

Halayen DAAM na iya bambanta dangane da yadda aka yi amfani da shi wajen haɗa sinadarai. Yawanci, ana amfani da DAAM wajen haɗa sinadarai masu halaye kamar inganta mannewa, sassauci, da kuma juriya ga abubuwan muhalli kamar zafi da danshi.

Wani muhimmin al'amari na DAAM shine yuwuwar sa ta fuskanci polymerization mai 'yanci, inda yake amsawa da wasu monomers (ko kansa) don samar da polymers. Ana iya amfani da waɗannan polymers a aikace-aikace daban-daban na masana'antu, gami da masu kauri, masu haɗin gwiwa, ko kuma wajen haɓaka resins na musamman.

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Diacetone AcrylamideMai Kaya & Masana'anta (DAAM)

Diacetone acrylamide(DAAM) wani sinadari ne mai amfani da sinadarai masu yawa wanda ake amfani da shi sosai a kimiyyar polymer, fasahar rufi, da kimiyyar kayan abu. Monomer ne na roba wanda ya sami kulawa sosai saboda keɓantattun halayen sinadarai, kamar babban amsawa, ikon samar da tsarin polymer daban-daban, da kuma iya aiki daban-daban. DAAM tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka halayen polymers, shara, manne, da composites.

1. Tsarin Sinadarai da Halayen Diacetone Acrylamide

Diacetone acrylamide wani abu ne da aka samo daga acrylamide, inda ake maye gurbin rukunin acrylamide da wani abu mai kama da acetone a matsayin nitrogen. Tsarin sinadarai na DAAM shineC₆H₁₁NO₂, kuma nauyin kwayoyin halittarsa ya kai kimanin129.17 g/mol.

Tsarin DAAM ya ƙunshi:

An ƙungiyar acrylamide(CH₂=CH-C(=O)-NH-), wanda shine babban bangaren amsawa na kwayar halitta.
A ƙungiyar diacetone(C₄H₇O₂), wanda aka haɗa shi da nitrogen na acrylamide.

Lambar CAS: 2873-97-4
TSCA :2873-97-4
EINECS : 220-713-2
ENCS: 2-1024

Siffofi

Diacetone acrylamide yana sauƙaƙe polymerization da samar da copolymers tare da nau'ikan comonomers iri-iri.
Diacetone acrylamide yana aiki tare da ƙungiyar ketone na adipic acid dihydrazide a yanayin zafi na al'ada.

Kasancewarƙungiyar aiki ta acrylamideyana ba DAAM damar yin polymer kamar sauran nau'ikanmonomers masu tushen acrylamide, yayin daTsarin diacetoneyana samar da wani cikas na sikari wanda ke shafar amsawar sa da halayensa na zahiri. Rukunin acetone kuma yana sa mahaɗin ya fi narkewa a cikin sinadarai masu narkewa na halitta.

2. Haɗa Diacetone Acrylamide

Tsarin DAAM ya ƙunshi matakai biyu:

Saukewar acrylamide: Wannan mataki na farko ya ƙunshi yin martani ga acrylamide da acetone a gaban wani sinadarin acid ko tushe mai kara kuzari. Acetone yana yin martani da atom na nitrogen na acrylamide don samar da asalin diacetone.
TsarkakewaDa zarar an kammala aikin, yawanci ana tsarkake samfurin ta hanyar distillation ko fasahar crystallization don ware shiDAAM monomera cikin tsantsar siffarsa.

Ana iya bayyana martanin kamar haka:

Acrylamide (CH₂=CH-C(=O)-NH₂)yana yin aiki da acetone (CH₃COCH₃) don samar da diacetone acrylamide (CH₂=CH-C(=O)-NH-CH₂COCH₃).

Haɗa DAAM abu ne mai sauƙi, amma ana buƙatar sarrafa yanayin amsawa daidai (misali, zafin jiki, lokacin amsawa, zaɓin narkewa) don cimma yawan amfanin ƙasa da tsarki.

3. Yin amfani da Diacetone Acrylamide wajen yin polymerization

Mafi mahimmancin fasalin DAAM shine ikonsa na jurewa da kuma jurewaTsarin polymerization na kyautaƘungiyar acrylamide a cikin DAAM na iya shiga cikin ƙarin halayen polymerization, yana bawa DAAM damar haɗawa da wasu monomers ko kanta don samar da dogayen sarƙoƙi na polymer. Wannan ya sa DAAM ya zama monomer mai amfani wajen samar da polymers masu halaye daban-daban.

Polymerization na DAAM zai iya ci gaba ta hanyar:

Homopolymerization: Monomer ɗin DAAM yana amsawa da sauran monomers ɗin DAAM, yana samar da polymer wanda ya ƙunshi dukkan raka'o'in DAAM.
Copolymers: Haka kuma ana iya haɗa DAAM da wasu monomers na acrylate, methacrylate, ko vinyl don ƙirƙirar copolymers tare da kaddarorin da aka keɓance. Wannan yana ba da damar haɗa takamaiman ƙungiyoyin aiki waɗanda ke ba da halaye na musamman ga polymer.

Masu ƙaddamar da 'yanci masu tsattsauran ra'ayi (misali,AIBN, BPO) ko hasken UV sau da yawa ana amfani da su don fara aikin polymerization.polymers masu tushen DAAMzai iya samun nau'ikan halaye iri-iri dangane da matakin polymerization, kasancewar wakilan haɗin gwiwa, da kuma nau'in co-monors da ake amfani da su.

Kadarorin

Bayyanar	Foda mai launin fari zuwa rawaya kaɗan
Tsarin dabara	C₉H₁₅NO₂
Nauyin Mol.	169.23
Nauyin nauyi na musamman (60°C)	0.998
Wurin narkewa	56°C
Wurin tafasa	120°C (8mm Hg)
Narkewa a cikin ruwa a cikin sinadarai masu narkewa na halitta	>100g/100g H₂O Miscible
Tg (homo-polymer)	77°C (DSC)
Danko (60°C)	17.9 m Pa·s

Copolymerization

M1	M2	r1	r2	Q1	e1	Q2	e2
Styrene	Diacetone acrylamide	1.77 ±0.08	0.49 ±0.06	1.00	-0.80	0.42	-0.42
Methyl methacrylate	Diacetone acrylamide	1.68 ±0.06	0.57 ±0.03	0.74	0.04	0.41	-0.02

4. Amfani da Diacetone Acrylamide

4.1. Rufi da Fentin

Ana amfani da DAAM sosai wajen ƙirƙirarfenti da fentisaboda ikonsa na ƙirƙirar polymers masu ƙarfi da mannewa, sassauci, da juriya ga abubuwan muhalli. Fina-finan polymer da suka biyo baya suna nuna ingantaccen aiki idan aka kwatanta da fenti na gargajiya na acrylic ko polyester.

Wasu takamaiman aikace-aikace sun haɗa da:

Rufin kariya: Sinadaran polymer da aka yi da DAAM suna ba da kyakkyawan juriya ga zafi, danshi, da gogewa, wanda hakan ya sa suka dace da amfani a cikin rufin mota, masana'antu, da na ruwa.
Manne: Yin amfani da DAAM wajen haɗa manne zai iya haifar da manne mai ƙarfi wanda ke samar da haɗin gwiwa mai ƙarfi tare da wurare daban-daban, ciki har da ƙarfe, robobi, da gilashi.
Rufin hana lalatawa: Ana amfani da fina-finan da suka yi sassauƙa kuma masu ɗorewa da aka yi da polymers masu tushen DAAM a masana'antu waɗanda ke buƙatar rufin da ke hana tsatsa mai ƙarfi.

4.2. Sinadaran polymer masu sha sosai

Ana amfani da DAAM wajen haɓakapolymers masu ɗaukar ruwa sosai(SAPs), waɗanda su ne kayan da za su iya ɗaukar ruwa mai yawa ko wasu ruwaye. Ana amfani da waɗannan kayan a aikace-aikace kamar:

Kayayyakin tsafta: Ana samun SAPs masu tushen DAAM a cikin kayayyaki kamar su diapers, napkin tsafta, da kayayyakin rashin daidaituwar abinci ga manya.
Aikace-aikacen noma: Ana iya amfani da polymers masu ƙarfi waɗanda aka yi daga DAAM a aikace-aikacen noma don inganta riƙe ruwa a cikin ƙasa.

4.3. Aikace-aikacen Likitanci da Magungunan Halittu

Saboda yanayin halittarsa da kuma sauƙin amfani da shi, an kuma bincika DAAM a cikinfannonin likitanci da na likitanciMisali:

Tsarin isar da magunguna: Ana iya ƙera polymers masu tushen DAAM don isar da magunguna ta hanyar da aka tsara, suna samar da sakin jiki na dogon lokaci ko kuma kai hari ga takamaiman kyallen takarda.
Injiniyan nama: Abubuwan da ke da sassauƙa da jituwa da halittu na polymers masu tushen DAAM sun sa su dace da amfani a cikin kayan aikin injiniyan nama, kayan shafa na rauni, da sauran na'urorin likitanci.

4.4. Tsarin Hydrogel

Ana amfani da Hydrogels da aka yi daga DAAM a aikace-aikace daban-daban saboda yawan abubuwan da suke riƙe ruwa. Ana iya amfani da waɗannan hydrogels a cikin:

Kula da rauni: Hydrogels suna samar da yanayi mai danshi don warkar da raunuka, suna rage haɗarin kamuwa da cuta da kuma hanzarta aikin warkarwa.
Tsarin kwalliyaAna amfani da Hydrogels da aka yi daga DAAM a cikin kayayyakin kula da fata, gami da man shafawa da man shafawa masu hana tsufa, saboda kyawun ikonsu na sanyaya fata.

4.5. Ƙirƙirar Nanomaterial da Haɗaɗɗen

Ana amfani da DAAM wajen shiryananocompositeskuma na ci gabakayan da aka yi da polymerMisali, ana iya haɗa DAAM da ƙwayoyin nano don samar da kayan haɗin gwiwa tare da ingantattun halayen injiniya, lantarki, ko zafi. Ana iya amfani da waɗannan kayan a masana'antu daban-daban, gami da:

Lantarki: Ana iya amfani da nanocomposites na polymer da aka yi daga DAAM a cikin kayan lantarki masu sassauƙa da kuma kayan sarrafawa.
sararin samaniya: Ana amfani da haɗakar da aka yi da DAAM don halayensu masu sauƙi da ƙarfi a aikace-aikacen sararin samaniya.

4.6. Aikace-aikacen Bugawa da Yadi

A masana'antar yadi, ana amfani da DAAM don samar da yadi mai ƙarfi da sassauci. Misali,rufin aikiana iya amfani da DAAM a kan yadi don ya sa su fi jure wa ruwa, tabo, da hasken UV. Hakazalika, ana iya amfani da DAAM wajen samar datawada ta bugu, inda ikonsa na ƙirƙirar fina-finai masu inganci yana taimakawa wajen samun ingantaccen haske da dorewar bugawa.